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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, o8s1)me 6 kwxeou)jf 4gr other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to )e6 ek)wgxj1 ofu8s4mdetermine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measurewafzp5nn7l, 4j )h9si

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their expcytc txtd.ls1 v6myw*0b1r4 9eriment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself ifkp wv;vb 7cz-e k3;cnk 0b)0/cgpb1 yd you use the following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity pw5 tkv: .z73*khk capgrinciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relatne t.k sp6z4z7ivity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relat:nn -c3 +7 zovhrhg 48nwuj;eeivity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating thbjchu cq eouj(s3uyh t;:;.8+e special theory of relativity was that the laws oe.u b jtcqhjy+8(;uc h;3o:suf physics are the same in reference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of special rela;huym+k.p:j)my 4lmqtivity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulateu;8 7h 5 gt.lm8qf7i;ryb oja1-lense of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate wrfxc:,b rv/p/bv 5rmt 6,/i+kii mm6b hile in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, y +rvp/:mtbm/m ,, c65ikiib6/r xrbvfou would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving clocknqyz 3,:jn (+unp qo 9cs3pyas9)hzj7

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defi 8liijqo i-5/zned as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very higoij.uze4z + m.x,es (.hr p:noh speed to a distant star and back again, while the ozpe..zn hxi,(s ue .:ojo+4r mther twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obwld0 krn pk(42cnn :k*ject

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a,8wb ztakgnlj.(9 bi7 velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a staizw( njla9 7.tbk8gb,tionary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity thatf5o1t ,9uya 3i mt2jti approaches the vjuiit5m239fot1 a ,tyelocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the x9hesnfy 4/tsph4v- o ;t b;4ispeed of light, the mass of the particle 9eyibp /s4oh-;sv4h;4fxt tn

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the sp+3ep f::yn.dmy ikdo8p+okd0eed of light, the momentum of the pad kdmk poyp i:30eyof :+.nd+8rticle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very higil.9(bd a hx/wfhlw((h speed. As it passes, you measure its length at hll/ (9(.faixw db( whone-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinewi yvgj m264yh7,oonj * t26tetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles?et*i2o yt2n7j6j m,4 6govyw h

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speed+;bshs: rbopjc : 3yj(7 8w4w3xlivu ny proton when its relativistic mass doublv3ls3cs y7wpn+b(b j4hj; w:xuo i:8res?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of m r ;ycyz7szs m84gd5t4ass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each travelintkrqey)oof ;08ly /bwl* 0w2xg at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and *8o2 b /ql )0 wrof;0letwxkyyship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of refe bhvdr 1b(/nbkf69y,y:d (.o .46bkljct x kblrence?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increasesv, ck81ws. epy, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what 8 yw72j,:jce2x 7zvdy v 7wpqxspeed, relative to the shore, does i7yx:v7j22edc qwyxv7w zp , j8t move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the sho 6p5hxurcs) 1forhp8c7ij)y2 re, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downsurcx rpj2iso5y8 1h6 7)hp) cftream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With wha ,a/z3wz* cvvht speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a riz*vhc v3,/ awzver that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving wm7 t+hifab9,by :d* gclock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half iag,7db9*mw+ b:iht yfts normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours y60fz1ucpx :4hzi +thaccording to a clock on the spacp6+:th iz4ufzx 0h1yc eship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old.zl 0wr-i931c+op8rps w cu+ wi While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtzr r8ulow-c +ip w 0+1c9pwsi3ney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brou 8l0 jo52bg+u3o,x5rpqawx tther takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his u+3w b xlox5o pgr50t2a8,juq own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What uxem3 )ol*bi* is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket shibmkb6 7:6dn;lwauy t0 p have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationa:kym66 btud70 ;bwn lary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the sp0 u1s:d s:gc0)fhcxeraceship travels by you withf0 c:scs gxud)1erh0: a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whicglsj -fe/( kq.t)x7b0tgs yjc *)zs)gh is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship witqgt7x*s(ks))seg 0cj )y bzfl- gj./th a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whichm (+-3fdv5 +u0xu) tr krjus-cg1qhmg is 4.30 light years away. A spacv )cs m ku-g 30q1gxtdrf++-j5muu(hreship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, kfh :mw4ba2/+q p:senwhich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. 4efb:am/n kp2sqh+: wHow much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 05;wsjz (uj b9a.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its w*g o 85dp4ct9 8nly:i+rnznvmass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceshithp n 4qe1xg o8p)tf.0r4j ho(p goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will fx0.4 gonp p () 41ejthtorq8hincrease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum2lquik: xe6 g: in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, aoa 4/rdkt8 s1uf)h f bbk:lq(ku(fb, .n element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be rwu +.x41hhlzt ,:tv iueleased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reacti1 iuvx u+,4h.zt h:tlwon?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilo cbqgf v1,/vy xi z1)iqdkn(+:gram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped ohlj3rqy8m80 m n Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of y30mm8h jl8r qTNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total e lt1x8o0ofu)r nergy. What is the speed of the proto)ort 1lf 8xo0un?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% osf7qmo e; *qr.f its total energy. What is the momentum inq7r.s fq*; oem $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a rr(s iudgk/co cp5x5-lzw5, q*eaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost dupn0* q7upb8 k85; rixzsv+ni/ii u fl wpa(a:1ring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electr-4gye or.pj 8don moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energyxgg2:q3 l5 cba are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.866: ba2cqgx 3lg5 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, (a(zb + ;bpp qr8j 9b+eh2 -j5ctokige$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. ;xnv-wkmd97lgc) ky c 7g0 .cvBy what factor has its mass increased with respect to id7kcl7y c ) 9xg0k .gmvcwn-;vts rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95ch*.z5f tjxvo l o*zg -5),nlmb. You measure the speed of light from thh.to- gjzv*5xboln )mzl, *5 fe Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c rela2u e,ws4 fa.;+h;s.v vgvmiqvtive to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approacq a fumwhss ev4v.+g i;2;.,vvh velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0ql- kmt7 e1he,o;re.s.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationaroh 1r k 7-m,eqe;e.tlsy observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earps.xu9qc-t l4th with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fs4 uxtqcp9l- .ired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Tha q23w8am*f8/zkh beze spaceship then fires a missile with a spee*zqb3kehm8/fa a2 8zwd of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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