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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spacevl9jjfnl xj 0v)j467dship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at conj)dx j 49vjl760fvjnl stant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designe3wfz ssptt5a2ft- dkt08)iu(d to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment rqo,;d jdh(0pl ;,vecthat

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the fomnh 19*jhmq. sc.o-vp llowing components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity principl24o6 tffx kr tls69b2-ouo9h we.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-New*xo) 1/qi0 d+vx xg7cvm(uq(luxd wu;ev d9-etonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relativa- 8-s;qjzdfcity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativit.co+:w i0w;toz ikyq 6y was that the laws of physics are the same in referent6 y0iwk:oq.z;w c+io ce frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of spec qts9h cvu b3-kj:8:s+qbj p2pial relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of special reh1xe0d ffo2d. h, gok(lativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulsr( uwdw,g slwab +:(lpym+u58e rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed o+ myrl8abg, 5 dlww :+usup((wf light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, am v+)2iu;erca(ts un2 5a1ghn 5gms 9x moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is def n -,r uf)d j5/3h7rhm4rxnycgined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space shilk t1bn p tdg.q1/3r/hp traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remainh .np1tdlr q13tbg//k ed on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movi2nq-q e(gm7:s drrl )dng object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that apa k/u3l t oik-(;1b-zxz.tri aproaches the vel1 ok bix(3 .tar-z/uk t;ia-zlocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengenmo0(ppj+xj 8 :h/a zth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measur:o/+8 zhmxpjn j(pea 0ed by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approacp m5sy re0f0kv ,9rbz *fya;t/hes the speed of light, the mass of the particl5 epty /f*r9yzav0 r,0ksfb m;e

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of i 0-hsd ;/wanqhc4mx 2the partic2 x;/qa hcsnh 0md4-iwle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its l3cwt .yx)n4w/)vg cqlength at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass muvnly4w)/c cw ) qgt3x.st be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton wheptqbue t,dc g+.65s2hn its relativistic mass doub.b dt2 ,petsu56gc hq+les?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic em0di26- 51anrt b qcrxnergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic massr 6m2ib aq5n-cr0dxt1 doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle opvuj;t6vg ukt5nf ,az7e24p.f mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling1dblz1+r ofa ()q4 d t7xv7sdz at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun.bdfsl+71(ad1v7d zxt qz4)r o The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends onjp +1zt;,odtnr2 g v.u qscd:- the observer's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would 8dpzp+/sor vqf8 w .v/observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s ii 8jz: 1+ zamnf3l(jxg v-xss3n still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s ixzj3v3xi1 nzj gsl-:amf8s( + f the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to thfee ,8w27hr qc8e 8wcjn62 ebpe shore, wq8876 j rw8be2h ,e cc2pfeendoes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, rejow0mld47 3h2lpp2-:d eageelative to the shore, does dw-hp loe2a :me340j7g2 pedlit move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to beigt/tpr(ymq 9a1a ; i4 observed by a stationary obs 1 rmat(9y4 git/p;aiqerver as running at one-half its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours ;,k hi ebua65dr-p hc-according to a clock on the spaceship,c5ihupha kb- ;re-d6. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 yfyx+c06 *23o hoxegwf5blrm:5ml 1vb ears old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as me135v lbrmxy 5*b2lof0 :ofm6 c hxwge+asured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a snq) +e;bu(aqc pace trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Ear + b(cqnu)eaq;th-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. W+;c* zfean0u6vrj it0 hat is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket 7nvmnmk 5 m tpnr8m-*/ship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary objm/n5 rn8m p-mntmkv7*ect)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. Ixh uz.doliilpj8d8 .3e)4ks/p 9iil; f the spaceship travels b8uijoidxpi34s / l.pzk hl )di.8;9ley you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yea;gy g8b 2(ko0hvy7hlzrs away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relatbl02yg7;oz (k8h hvg yive to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 li3bzxw hbpdka9c. p **54ry 7gjght years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on y35d*7g b.z*xp49ca wj bkrph board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaur. e;: m3auy(y itask-ji, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant ;ji- .ky3:a e ysu(mtaspeed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (Th3 tu b1s*pb-rye rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mm,;m 6h:/jjl;eyh kcx ass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c,j/dphyqysjx: -.q4v+w5t +th then your mass will increase bydhhxp+4qq s j.t5jtyv+-:y/ w

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum x+*2zlc3r8 xx+ a2utox.cstzin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element8rfy5g y-hz 1t loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be j(w p1o(*b0nz (req ujreleased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactipj w(o(nuz(*rqjb 1 e0on?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilpn-49ayle m ta7a tiqp f87q.6ogram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140mobi2h b*/x h1,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent 2hbibox1h m */to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton:phw w 5c,dco lll9m7 s2(c4di is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the proton?: l cps ,5 d7cwl(9i2cow4dlhm

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is th1.a (n6hy0n,pvwihx p276f ibrvts- r e momentum isnnpxr1ri(.f2v -hbhp0v6yw,76a t in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released 9- dl :wl)) gusxi(yjn.w3hao(in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a suz+19h 1 hingreaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving wit2s (u4 x c8x)mgj+ghluh a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilog/k 5sxb5+on8kde n3lu ram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.865b eo nd3/k5ks8+ nxlu6 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, zd ;n;c g57w3/jjazst$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated tq, .ev *gfpdb1hrough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with,qvg. d*fb1 pe respect to its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket trnkij/ or ufun l7z)*bx*tlw86b, qd)*aveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from lf) bbrx,kunw*zj/ 8 otiln6*d)7*u q the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling throug 4v*efxqykmbf wm .x9 ef0 ,8s+kiv47vh space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on eitherkv4ks7+fxqbf 4mwx9em0v.*8 ,f eyi v craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveem*3s-zx6o h uling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the shi- xm e*shuz63op relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves awll rcab4nzdc0 +n8.u l2w4oi3ay from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c red l434 i+zlnwc8 .2uo rln0cablative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Th, rlsqr6 rbn6f-kkg- ayu r75m.l ou7)e spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if t- 6l.aunbrk yklr- 75sr6 o )qm7ufg,rhe missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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