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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radiostk: 4/m(2bxr3 p jx6 gkvd7tzh, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outsidebhkxt/ :v7jd tkz(2 g634mxrp. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measue2 dygpag3d0q lvr4a +74*yf kre

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of 7mi;tw;;s n-h.c ftpbtheir experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the follow/vb u78y1wqvug6kmo i b5j l*)ing components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity princi5i khvrxh, 9g:ple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relaso9srpl)nsihofd1 u2.2y. m 9tivity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relativ;-eh8*y /5ptrm)poo rzgd g-, q(liuj ity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativuo ,.r43gym2be;u: xt1d ejhl ity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames dtjy;mh el.1 24u,oerb: gx3 uthat

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of- 08v(q8b6syhyexxd m special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second pos8 ivmt-r)vejwwg3 )- *ljcv-ztulate of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate whil1tssd8ft7w b +06o+zc mzo y9te in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find 0+t8t1oswzyzcstb m 67 o9fd+that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer,m06 pzqxm.: k2db w ky4nmi 0pa44vf2l a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is dwr. q3z,( g0;n vdwtp4p9ruwqefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very higg5 ttc7(ober 3l 73kca8zut3ih speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on i(3 87 tgbcz5cokt lu3t3r ae7Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary obv*kdyv.0 )ry(g m/0*p trs7 gt v5awlnserver, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a dixbr q2rb 64qc.rection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of trbxb6q2 .c4r qhis object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallyr2dz8v rfr2 4el to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this o4yf82 vrr2 zrdbject, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speig x:x3 w:0geu 1-d*wzntxa;ted of light, the mass of the partic *t1ndxx:wt; e:g xwa z03gui-le

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approawnvlfpkig,jc 45 / 5ysr(l0 8pbgg 94uches the speed of light, the momentum of the partilu4y /i l,ngv(jpg805ks9g 5f rc p4wbcle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high 4,;i 1qwr*f njeef 5zsspeed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the mo;e5sfw4j infz1e,r *qving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of u 2cw0/2r wttia speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles?cw02 w/tiru 2t

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total8z;99/wosal) q k8 l:tw5wdigcia-bi relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic s/:;w lika9 tbg)w9w5diz8i 8 a-qoclmass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of mass., ziu +jp4,mw4kl fzs $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A w3snx56lre zgy:, bbt9/,te uis moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the:36ezn/es,ytlb 5gb,tw x9 ru Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of referenc*kswkn 77hl f.e?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, yjtr1 cl45f/ zyou would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s inpoy.7nj oqd8zyi34ju6pg6 e3 still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream63ej6p 4.uoin gp yj8d73oy qz?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sti;7u63u:l-;e eol ,y6 uscsw w-dnw:o2lcbekoll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is eew- o olwnykb,dewucs:;o; 6l7u6s-2 c l3u :flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, rela sws 4du95usmqw)k 20gd/ o8y og+z.bytive to the shore, does it m b.5 uyw0 z ug2qgkswod9smsdo4y+ /8)ove in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationaryk;o9m :4.gje o-zcsf l observer as running at one-half its no -z.9eojkloc ;sf :4gmrmal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to ajz52 j 29g/znc8zg;j3va esrh planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaj2;saghn 8jzc 53e9/j 2zvzrgceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andreago k8b7wu kpiu f;1pih.*q;: e and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney rei.i8: *ugu7w1f; oqke;hb pkpmains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother tmt ,+qp jo ***oh8)dbeo tymx7akes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock pdbt qto+ 7)*momjo8 ,hx*ye *on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0h)-2 pmg dbz ;o(do(wn.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its pro6z 1y:qkxpy cyos8 j38per length (as observed by a stationary objeyp1qk6:3sjc88x oyy zct)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is 1k1235( 8qmnhe zj m.tmjzwax at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear t m z jenmq8(kmxt.1jwa3152hzo you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our (dsb8thkk7sr0 yf 0m*solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a pask0y8*( 7r0mbfskd sh tsenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our sola dbxlvocobbr(40n bi9p*)3l *m 83ecvr system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a conb4 (nxo 3br8bv9vmci*c*b)3 o0 pledl stant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our soll9) acduh jwh7, yj x58dkve56ar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant spe9jl6 hhcj5xy, d)a5kw8edu7 v ed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling atx ;qme gp,u5j4b- n;ws 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its oua p7b+9kjj)mass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c tof :crr8lijy; / 0.6 c, then your mass will infrl i8c/j:;yrcrease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum in :0rx-i/*ye)xs nj1xa+ fa g s)zrzy 9r$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an elemefak732lk; / wf7 mhuiexh)2 d)9 wfgxgnt loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released b0wkx-dstt4r.h8ms :u4 c:tjif 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactioh:mx 4s 8c -4t0twujb.trd ks:n?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram / bd 19 9.:krlwwo)0vctbpx yaof mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that muhu0 ylphdv / :q y(:j5o,n(dwas dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when th,yyd(uv qnh(: d5puol:h/j 0mis took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is t )g1wi,v dhxm4he speed of theid1 4m,vg )wxh proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum*32/afvqvfkz h ew:g. .*f.b mwnsg8e /pdu w2 in zp v/mwed2: *e2v /3.*fug.a sbf.hqgwwnkf8$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) duringvt5l )l2zj df1 a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reactiork( 84vum;ov3z 3e jqsn in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an elu 2eaa.fj 0y 2w0zz02vb;bdjhectron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accel 8 w(monl,m7z0ps d9fqerate one kilogram of mass from rest to8p7so,d( lzwnfm9m0q a velocity of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, q ooetge 0 ge)x()79gpq52fnvj a1 :dz$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass inc6 wjeri)3yelwo) -vi9reased with respect to its rest massi)o l6-ei9w )rw vy3je?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. haul3j y6;w 4ywyg84uyt k,(fs) ctv3 You measure the speed of li3 c3k8y4f(u6 l;hytv)swty j yw,4gaught from the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are trj9 7xjb r/( hq37,jt+lzlijm0x uetf 1aveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed 1tjtq(be uljxli+fjx7r 3 jmhz7,0 9 /directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would 7t cgq aabeo51y3 .sn:light travel from the headlights of th.s:o7gaeatc5y qb3n 1 e ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of :pon0iopwqxf sb o;i13vo:+70.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away o 1f nqoiopswp b;:i3v+0 o7:xfrom the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.8s-yfa)uh58wq / hloxd*j/+4kdul5gy 0c. The spaceship then fix)8k/5 h+5*4d d /sogu yauqfjy-h lwlres a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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