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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no winguav2+,na2 1/ly2 rlca q5qycdows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the 2a yac lqr u1qgla5+c2 y2vn,/ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley e ylgv*kyu., 4bxperiment was designed to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment thx1kuhi5eno ;t*3d: jch7u-h 9z y u6nfat

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following compon6qiqwzr vv- k)r*f 0l yvj375w8u ja)mk 7/vohents:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity princip4ge+c4 6w+nku anxvr6b fpu/kx4(i 7nle.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions ox2iry;lrj orki66 :53e uwr w4f Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special 5ichmz+ y 55bsrelativity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of rewgu0x so .ov(e8b ic(rw01n4v lativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that0se vww(41 rnbxuoo0vi( . c8g

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of special relati-qpi2 :: oaa dr- k(2mwixx8:qcxuh+cvity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of special relativid0+d4 ccy*5ro8 k5gce4azyr:ypo u 3 wty.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from 3 mhsfhf5w- .dthe Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would fin3hsf.mwf -dh5d that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observ4+fw o*iw opq(er, a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defqo0j5eeh9 np 1ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space shxu)iu3s k cmq:u9 qs5*ip traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on E9sc 5 kmqsxuu3 q*i:)uarth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objectdggw dd1 7zs0.0ivi6, dq/qqe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length wlyxsex +/r-6bxqi.9 gvxr; ,cith a velocity that approaches the velocity of lighqileg6xs9xv/r.+xc xy,; b-r t. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengtm7 t9*ri.rnq dl cc2b*7d5iekh with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this o* mt7 qr kibniec7d *2ldc5r9.bject, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of ux5nqx g;) vmw9z(u+llight, the mass of the partic;n+u 5qmvxzgu)(lw x9le

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particlelp;z(. wjg:pmmo1el qb7 k(y-e15 ajh approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the partica z7;h(1 moj5 yepg.w 1bem:-ql(kpl jle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high (,bgawea3pz2 8e-rpwspeed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measuremew, 2 (pra38e-pagbew znt, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy ym t v*qa7v 9lc;;qa)d o68ubkof a speedy proton when its relativistic mass ddql9;o8qt7m*u6v;b) kaycva oubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton wq.3nc5 9fi1qtglc )bchen its relativisg9bc) n1c.5fqli c qt3tic mass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of m *sg wjw,j2ic 9a*kg()a a:ga. etrux)ass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, lj ok: :b3rzeh4ie(;geach traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching 4ik3l:eb:reo(zgjh ; the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following dep+v(4uq kpa9qdends on the observer's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you wou cu )lngt7g/4vld observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, r*d4 p d//l) 9aaaftl00pk kbyyelative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowbdyfa// y 4)*a0kta l9dppkl 0ing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shorh-qobc6anh s/vnyy nr7:w- 6* e, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if theh*yyb6s-/w :-o7ar cv6nnnhq boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shorhwq:s h4 b9 26cbizbsjo;i7q+ e, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading stra 42cqqj; zbh ssw9b+oiih76b:ight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it isf a+ 3dvtsb+du:y7sx+ eg:b6x- ap gm3n, +ycz to be observed by a stationary observer as runnvsa6:n upfa ++tb+-egds 3g+7cx3dx,y :zbym ing at one-half its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 71*e xsr*2tg af-thbahours according to a cloh1s b7er t*aa2fxt-g*ck on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are,v axzn8jt2 m+ :ynoy4t i*5q z-vob)n initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then t:mvjnq2y+ xn)obz ,v8* i 4to5nyat- zurns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a sf ot*nxubti s*76 (m wj.97dafpeed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upod ntjutf9a7( i7 s b*ox.mw6*fn returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you withyx32 *x(/ni vt7 9nwekwngu /f a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its prol v nuj(nj8kg+ah06g71 gxrg4per lengt84arxghgn7u kj0j +(lggv n6 1h (as observed by a stationary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshih2;,0tjrnfmbaymkv.,m z .5 fp travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what len.5tybk,2z mr ma0.f;nm f,hvjgth does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light ye5( y dglbv8wt/ eo,-swars away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel lwo /g58(svd,e ytb-waccording to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, 7tpj) j q2eve0which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. ee tq2j7 v)jp0How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lig10jce5el w l;v/12n54dhyqycj4yumh ht years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toue m2 y5cen4c;lh/hy1 4q1wyld50jjvward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rys-w1fx,d fd c0y*v;n/xsvw(est mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mass5k o p2dr:z2hmyj f0k6/y:ly w?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes 0 f gwvd8cvpx+:0s l.yfrom 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will gc00x.w+s :v df8vly pincrease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum i1fe jg cgcm1+4n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element los51nop t yc) j4w:fevyyp,3v,ens 5o7fes $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost duri ix 2;dz:jae6/5 ijxhhng a reactioi5:e;/6jhhdz jxa2 ixn?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalenq a(; l gz*yv9d aokwi/zt*3t4t to two kilogram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 194-ud(h7hdtwojz 9) 5dc5 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 to 5jz)h-dd 9tcu( 7wdohns of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80u : q4ptuoy7*w g0gs(f% of its total energy. What is the speed of t4:usgt7ug*0 poq(ywfhe proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its tot x 3r+p3ni4dhkal energy. What is the momentum inr3i4d3phx+ n k $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in wbbrb+79s5ke p q u0.cghich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction i inzh:6neiu)3 n which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speeds5;f;njrp 21f ba,ss7tkqdt) of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy ar0zib .ke/ cju5e required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity kbj/zuie5 0c .of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, ,qnd dx *z,)zyiy+p;m$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what aw +sk.o,l- pgbc6m,-: dpnfefactor has its mass increased with reegps pl6-wc.abmn,k,+f o-: d spect to its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away fromfi/ iess k3v,.gkm a56 the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun to s6 g ,e5ivm.k iaskf3/be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through sp)zfhf8 4zi xs 2)xt3duace at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If t 4td8ix)uz x3zs)2fhfhe ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would ll/6ke wqmi 0zoio+.so:8k- dlight travel from the headligiq-0o+o k 6zd kiw/ol.8lms: ehts of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0hqx nrvkq*lvsi (07j4*-zq v ).80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What ish* *jqv ( zl0s-nxr vv)k7qi4q the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship tgbufy b9,,mv l l6.k 3az0r3hehen fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on6kh9 gyub r 3 lal0,fm,bz.ve3 the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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