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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a space,+ f-sx9. fsjyuthqn 0ship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to detens sh9-tq ,jf .+y0uxfrmine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed toerpy 5:3j: /: eunclmy measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded fromv)w0y y z14et0-o iolc the results of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the folteo/ fbtb*2xq. 3tw6g lowing components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity p1- rn*zpsn(v,xq5 kbprinciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.r*r 7fzxl+x x0o:rzk;
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relatkd1 jpl9 ,pob;ivity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of rela*o o6fb zw:g0n4szm(o tivity was that the laws of physics are the same in refe(m*60zbnof4:o gwozs rence frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postu taufr x;v*(7zlate of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of speci9 pjqzb12m 4y2zbgq,p 9l::s.js t b skscq84nal relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceshn+7f7 / b: .d(pav 3bwgyrvrrhip moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of ligp3 rdwhyfbnv+g:r.7/ vb7 a(r ht, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationaryvuho(v0zl3l0 kc*ot9 observer, a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined as10exu* m ex* k,8ivwqxnry 4)r $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in wth kapm4+d2,zc l+,s a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the otherh2tl+asd+z4w,m c, kp twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objeha4m ia o4ilhk yqsadm4-r,-rr b9c73mf6/. pct

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lenga17+m lbia/s vth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a statiol7sav/mib+ 1 anary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction para2qgl0 qdj0ld1llel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a statdj1q d 0q2gl0lionary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, theog lm 0n/; t8-ycfx, p,ivsw9u mass of the particleputi wmo0vyxs,;9/ l,g cf8n-

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of th:s ,moz36us3v :vs fmre particlm6,fsm so3r: 3zv:sv ue

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it 8(i*:pbs5wqogo6 gex passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you cog*s 5 gqowo68 :xpeb(include that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinedu0sjsgylgj-;.k0 . h tic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublesh0ldy ju-j. gkgs.s;0?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy *t2dw2q;,n jzob m im,proton when its relativii*nmm2bqo tdw,jz;,2 stic mass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle oo1dzpu g1ch 1mq78qo+ f mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight lin*ynonzl5: pzy65n z1be. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approach1 5ozlyn *bpzn5z:n y6ing the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following d)cz( bnrx;a -kepends on the observer's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, y1j2 evt3a6 usoou would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speedk*hx6.0l etof: 5pmmn, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 mop6l:nx fk50mme.* ht/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, re2y+m/ s ,6xrnaca)ja slative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowingaj/ y+,2)asmrscxna 6 at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in v iwyn v8kq-r7do,.h1 still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0hqv,d r-vio7.81kwy n m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obsert aq )*t.wbmqf76 ;mjqved by a stationary obser*f.m7 bqmtj 6awq;)qtver as running at one-half its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a plan.lts1u9f4 fc)o7af ge et and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the sp4)9o1t fa7efufcs. gl aceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Whilhy(yi -xnsz1i8dof x/; 4m x*xe Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which*m-dyzi yx(1 xx;8oixfsn/4 h travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a sv w 2k9.cji mmw0f:(tvpace trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age kimwvw 0v t:9m. jc(f2of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moviropq2 2t;qmh,x-+ 6p lcogwl .ng toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to 0y( zb hxf5*jpmove to contract to half of its proper lengtzfh0xy jp*b5 (h (as observed by a stationary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is af:g:*ewaesm(v;b ,s v t rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it app*m:e:sbv;w egfs(,a v ear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system t2xp. rg6o 9vha(t(ctis Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth t6o.r p9avx ct g(ht(2travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar syral sw6,.wn p r.l5(1tc e5stastem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constarwtl5c6patels a(5,1.s n r.w nt speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alphgok943 m,ngn aa Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceno,43kgmn a 9gship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling 6 njca)j i:dc4at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton s2t1 *m+:(fx8parr6s z dyomtif its mass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass ,a4: t:thhq2athh 9j .-ayit mwill int:- h9tmy:j tha2a iq,4hha. tcrease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum i 7h /t-mp1e,ic) crwmen $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, anr;xgr7 j-la(efd xckl 4980c)fz bu/i element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if p* .kh5 kzsq1b2.0 kg of material was lost during a reacti5 1khq*pb. skzon?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of u,)hl+xkot wncz7-e ; mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nag 033qyiwih+7p/ d kx1 4yw-qpscb bie+asaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of3pw0+p- s+ ydb371ibxq/e 4qi i ckywh TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its tota;vuy w/7lduod n36c9 pl energy. What is the speed of the proton?lv ; cy/opu3un 6dw79d

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its tot-,a5 i,zxgkpgal energy. What is the momentum in-gazx5k gip,, $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) dipch -nt4b0h 6uring a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a r/bvueoi+jrcl t , v6 zm7ww;41u.fsw.eaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving wiytg;/-d)ea81 kdc6h ujme )7 7ankphith a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy areopi7m5 w)i y,nuz;fnut fpcgt7-v++, required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from r-7inncvu w +i5ptpf7g)fy+z;mot ,u, est to a velocity of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, lzo8hdkodxp4ynowjpj 8*0zh/9q98 3 $1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kVq7;(+loog z n)auah1uzi dd34 r3taxmt do,- /. By what factor has its mass increased with respect d( d;i13godtzau o4tmrahq 3a)+/, l z-un x7oto its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c.0hgj1srgn9 *+ar lcc; You measure the speed o nc0g +as rgh;*19rljcf light from the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through 1mhm/e7w 5s d 7jk9px;y1jsl bspace at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a 7wlme1hkd;15ps7/ byj j9smxperson on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed ofrb00 :4ihhpo a 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of thepr 0hh0o:b4ai ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a spe(z u7e 8kt(b21c: cn9fe mokqfed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fcm: (b c7keekn f(u89z2fqo1tires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship thei*g (6tgjy at0n fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth at gig y0jt(6*if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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