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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radioi0jsk0u h/llpj 8(8hts, or other means for you to observe or js0 8/8t h0ujhki(pllmeasure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was :rhv9tue,j -z 4ha.xcdesigned to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their)ipw2 9wi7y :io twqs7n c0-uz*mf+mr experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following compo 43le-mwot;*rir0n6iu zx sz-nents:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity principr,bwl.xk8u km)bh ).r(:p hnple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumpte.4 ozq.j0s8uhai a6 .jbo 7dtions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special rela+e8 a0l:lha (3zg/oklpvdz y6tivity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's posa15zq/si1v oitulates in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference fram5 vq1a siz1o/ies that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of speci xh*nyrql,bp )) 84km llor7( wcr6mzx9. (yueal relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of specialv4erww +66 rb l1angc5 relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pu 0,k6nsi mst3blse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun a36s its,nbmk0 t a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving cloc t8ma hb jl81sch*g(9vgnj .2lk

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined as; g-m+ox* te pxn8gow( $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship travelint /c;qijbl--wg at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other -tiqlb ;w/j-c twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, ajx q.v,w:l-o p moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a dirj:f;dgt sz 02hp+ 9dsjection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of l:p f02gs+ ;th j9dzdsjight. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to iusvsh/n-k 8v/ ts length with a velocity that approac uv/h/ kn8svs-hes the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particif) lh61 22 om-9bvu(vjd pgqwo96( 2pvvgwqjuifm l2h 1-bd)le

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the0tkbcb 1(k j4t momentum of the parti04(1 tjkkbtc bcle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by y .zhx;z c m1*:xu*zuoiou at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conci u*uh1 zxzx;co.:*zmlude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the l:nnv:5;fpgah e 4wb r;4ri 1u)u1jwm kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubj um1;b;:n5angeup4rw1: w 4vhrl i f)les?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativisti(cs ,p-or/rue c energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic- u/ ro(p,srec mass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of mass cos)9ly2wcn7etw; :r $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each65(reohluj 1c traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measurehu6e(lrcjo 51 the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the followi/y 47m b+wqtrrng depends on the observer's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spanh1pgfl95rh o+x3u6s1lv9 c as6i.yd ceship increases, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what so0.ox oqr )e7n1 ps;azpeed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upst0zq)o;nx1e.rsop a 7 oream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sti furr xq8)locq9b :4k7ome)( ill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river th m)(u:487 rrlfqixbqk)c9oo eat is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.06qbcn;5 7lum3 nq yjx/)t0buv m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading snncb5u0 x6bm7 / uv3;qq jt)yltraight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationu0pz xuu 7xkl4y; gp:)ary observer as running at one-half its normal rxy0p ugp4l:uk 7z;x)uate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and retur0m2x)uu1 2wi1e :t .p51ymxtgt7 ul1jw yycmnns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceshipy0exw1)2 p jmly52mg:tw.1uxt u1ni7c 1umyt. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andreoruckj(m ht;sra 7wcg 0q/48*a and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed osg8r*;h /c uatmj4owcqr0 k(7 f 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a spb;tnkc3reb8 imo + f*3yq3(qaace trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon roaqi * cmfbbekq+yr8(n ;333t eturning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with 3izlrb r/ag xv)9awmjc57q,in,9 dlip 3s75ka speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contrapnccq*he tf ,t(3p.,pct to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary object)cpeq,p.pc3 (t ,hf*nt?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels d3p9 b/ +)os/ uyirrxxby you with a speed of 0.70c, what length do o)idrp/ + ru/sx93ybxes it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system iql2wmu fu 9;wfb2sz 57x g5d8 1r8xhbis Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels towardxqw d5f7zu i8bw2hf5lub9mx;r2g8s1 the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our 7mz0i2yl /:b9sw2 hr)*eox6fw y a lqfsolar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock o)sywbo / f:llr692qaw0mxh *fz2 i 7yen board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whv f cm;/p(j *lfjgzo53i .:zyap1.wk eich is 4.30 light years mc.5jfwyog./k 1e3a* lf:pzp(;j zviaway. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its c)qd/ 73erntlmass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a prp9t3t92eqyymfv lq4zeb3 y --o 4 2uimh6l*fuoton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes fr(qf9/tpi.c -bw a.vaxom 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase vaaw bcqxi/t(9f..p- by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum in mgs f3)bl-2xe$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element b (vimme,l6h7 loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was 20snpw2 )p v i/, nzi3 et.axwmtna6y4lost during a reactioampw vsp46a0/nei2wz.i,3 tn)2y nx tn?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two ki0ixwgy85 z.o; -hau lalogram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped oxejh,m.xl pg7z+px)wz 8vs-hh/ bg(0 n Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much(p-/l8 .m7,w gvx )hsp0jgx zhbx+ze h mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is*r4 w(sow 2bhzv u:1/-kb nybo7o7 owe the speed of the pro/k( b2wzws o1:bhu*-ynv4 7rb woo7eoton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Wm3is3.zxqr7 i hat is the momentum in 73irxiqs z 3m.$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in*btzb6 .h ;r czj*vfb/y 5g;dt MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction uxpumn3m/ l 14w+ o0u nncuex n9a6+;uin which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an elea) g9a*/ gdfu5:wvhsjctron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are /oyhe vfgbt *8 pl33xk;-7uq p:r wdu5required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.868gh5xdop- p ekby7qf;3ru3 w/ uv*lt:6 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, pof4(,l5edcg, owj t8$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated t7*l q nwiu y7yl+jtq)4hrough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respewi7)q* u+ jylyq4n7t lct to its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. 1 4g0ynbyf7hb You measure the speed of light from the Sun h 1yf4nby gb70to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling througeiti38*n 08( mqaygagyjm66t5cjb) t -p o9 hqh space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured 8a(ipj0jc6 tytn g38t5h-9om6e*gi b)m y aq qby a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a 4- ch3-1mw1 .)vqq,1 s.zo lcz0tqocwz vylu yspeed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship y4z-1 tm0 voq, c lz-lw3c.z1uoysq1cwvqh). relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speroz 2epn8 6zi6)j :tayed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile6 :aoj tn)epzr2 i6z8y with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. l6 k9acb:c,vl nvvo u6/77bjjThe spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile mea7bbn,v cu/ vvl9oj:lakj7 c 66sured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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