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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other .su213aqu 9q-d6g0 mt ww pyftmeans for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving . fms1w d6gtau2q yt3qpu -w90at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to meaxy1v+ 1cqny lal95r+l(kjk .ay(o.lr sure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley gv9m bp) x *0v j-eqx+*pzsae8concluded from the results of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following compg0pimni*r ;l e2s cy++onents:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativityn t-7e ncr+kufml6*;f principle.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian rel b6h6ejgj/6 uuativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special w;v +1g2a dkwnb;vh*qh ckj.-relativity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativity e t zfar6 15m(m7b*cznwas7br t(cma1 n56*ze mzf that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of p:nsc8 eh64azeq g-u2c -wzj7special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second posthw6 9uofmd 9(rtcjsqkf+:; p-ulate of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure q3z q ;7o3ebja +qrmb87sn8v jyour pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close78q 7v3jnm+ qb 3zebrj qs;ao8 to the speed of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary or4;y(1ok c hc*b0gt;7 cnp vwlbserver, a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined asri bf. zr)dj li)c;;n. $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takesk 380rzt c0g94w tndrr a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. Thezk940 ndgtt30r rwr8c twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a;aaz+ euv:v*u moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with, djd jzqne27;c*e)cf a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. T*de ;2ed cz,fcn) jq7jhe width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that appro*/-ujp;*zt mzcmiid5aches the velocity of light. The length ofm5um/ -;z dizcpij*t* this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the masa;h lx.24yol ms of the partic.ol m;2x y4lhale

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the zg5 )6live eo:hvz9s1 momentum of the parte:1zl 6vos9z5) ev ghiicle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. Ab mf/+fmd *s9xs it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude tha xdf* s9/mmfb+t the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy ofpvn -lemcq fs .8:r;;w a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dmfw;.qlp : v-sne;8rcoubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy o3 k5fqg+h3d0/eb f bstf a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dof5kt h3db0e/3qsb+fg ubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of ma.ly (pi f9f00jgzggf1 ss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c ypmsb.;89nx-c pe7 nsd qcqa9 )su-.rin a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approac9cpqsn-s9r.s)e;d7 n. mux pq-ayb8 ching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the followinb.s, zkut4j df8agw */9sqq)ng depends on the observer's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your (en,ft:g:r q.dwuzy w ied,7-s d7on1spaceship increases, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s i:rx3(uht rs5 ln still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing lxh 3t5:usr r(at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative jn3tznev6u 5co26 h+lzlg9r4 to the shore, does it move in a 3v4 h 2o6 nzu+9egnl6jcrlzt5river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With whntbe4:kt hn i8-kuly6(dx8q ;at speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0-8(de tnl6kkx:h;84yntb qi u m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be oa;*cws etbb+a x+m, -ebserved by a stationary observe caae,m *e+tws- b+xb;r as running at one-half its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a p2oix6 o s8x dy8xp2f(ed/fi ,tlanet and returns in 10 hours according to xp (dsx te 8 2i6/8o,fdxfy2ioa clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are init- 5gh(nt ylh4eially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Co5 hh 4y-ng(lteurtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed kbpg9k86oump odk 6/ 4of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age ab okku6g km4 p8/o9dp6nd the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward y k5wrb4)co ,u5 rq4jifou with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper le11zcio 6yxo)x)r s p1zngth (as)1zpoxs )6ir x1cz1oy observed by a stationary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If thlm a 02;b:,gx3ctjwd icp95s fd+hr1m e spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what wmp50 ar9c,mbd jh; fx i1 sdt2cl+:3glength does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is) (j2dh0e zrdnh4mlfw-xp 0m2 Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the s-ehrmxln d h4 2wp2jz)df(00mtar. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4bt )rev e:+u5sqbt-70 l ks:lb.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constab: v-essbl e7q ub:0t +)tklr5nt speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 liz(xf t*x,h o1u6y9/ivonacz3 ght years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elazv x39cu tzh1i n/6*xfooa,y(pse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling msc4j ui3pkq9pl05i6 at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mwtgz -zhq-pj (xl6u+( ass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes fromjfz:jp )6x 8c 68cemp 3q u(jy/ropvh:koq*x1 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will in ojhuo: f q pemcv)xrx8j*36p kcyq/z j1(6p8:crease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum i +ee )25xbnwy.ywww8tn $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element los)qnw-gsl pe-gtczp;d(8, r5ies $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was.(sxvr6u6bg+zt qdjv ;wch5 9 lost during a reaction?x6 c5b. hq+j(d r9vvtg u6;swz

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two k2ki8b gml dpd )-gn*r5w9j 4;jhmmus 2ilogram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 194y/ ylr)av 2q7qm+ bd3pesw* -ka5 4,ibepxzz75 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosiv l/ mzpq2yabp rq,+*x)37d -w7e5 yzs4kvabie e. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80%u96t548 :w1m 0juajt4uxkcjbq9n ylo of its total energy. What is the speed of the proton?6a0u8jcl xm o jyn49k4w5j1b9tuuqt:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80.l oq ok 7y-y w(a8qncyq(3l,v% of its total energy. What is the momentumlnkocqw(v-yqq,(y73a l oy. 8 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV,ge2d f(fjwm- ) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost duraqhf:qgb2 /0 zjr9 .eling a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an eles1xg gh:- dvlp;k u8af*b:3( islno+ uctron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass frjus ;29 d(wyqeu(:cc uom rest to a velocity of 0.866 c(cusy u 2q(; uj:cwd9e?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, s 33f5gt mlov48xyvo ck6fu)6$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated tu f+farh+7zwu *re58dhrough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to u r++8h7da*ffzu e5rwits rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling aw*.idxz;6n,i:hq 6afz b) ziuq ay from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun6n z;:h6quabf,*)ziq.z diix to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through spabe.cjp3(m w4 o:t; s pwykl.(lsaal);ce at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward ea sbk(ypllj .4a.e;o sa wcwptm(3:); lch other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling4jkecj86b 5k l with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observerk clj e56bj48k?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. T ,tf v4rl+ ie3hc7iju/he spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Eart u+ fitjl/r7 ,4hv3eich if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.1z v pazy1pjetyu2o ( (0g7vhvbf6 y vv1-em4780c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Eartbu7g v1opy(vpz02v t v1(ha-ze 4fye6y m 71vjh if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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