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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that hay mbjh9q/cjajs 5:y13b+ px 84/ituves no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocitycy8i+3 aypq4 svbb5u1e:9x/tj/jm jh . What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to 3mptaj9h 1c3p measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment tg/ 0ru uesaj57hat

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following j1b)3s-+ zijn, xrq7uhjkh31ox j x+dcomponents:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity princ se j4bdo;v( yra(vb ),iomm35iple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of yzer ahx r-+4w+1 ivf v(szy2.Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special re n;3q+p6tyjr7h rp*zo lativity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the spe 6oo/q+o iaqy0cial theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames tiq+o0o /q6a yohat

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate dxpco;ov 0:5oof special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of special relativity+;9) 2 ocxhdbf2lxiz3svy( am.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship movi4x8che3 7lvflng away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find tha8l7cf h v3el4xt it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movink o./,xmwm2bpba+ mb :g clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defqy(ie a s.9d/mined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space sjdk4yobc7 :67t 2lsf qegg24 qhip traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained ot 2g4cf:joqs7 d 4q6k27y elbgn Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary9)jgptukit 6 ):gx 6o5dti+au observer, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to x1 dtesn7wp1y : yow:-brz25g its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by 5d2eg wbot:y-r7zx1p1 ny s:w a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that apprycg.9p zr0u; px69*, prikh croaches the velocity of light. rpc9.ugrc,pk9* h;0xzpy 6 ir The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed wc:k) q)rjk9r w13rqc;)qerrof light, the mass of the particlerqk:r)r1w qrk e))crwj c q3;9

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the 63 r/blr5b/ tyqs yqsm(864cybva-uq partbq m /s5ul6ya6q4q8sbb r 3 r-t(yyc/vicle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, y3wgb4 /w xmuut fr.v7qj)x:u2d pt2:you measure its length at one-half its normal ltr2 wxqmw3u:x)pbu:4 7/.gj2 dftv uyength. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of at8 ,dr6m jxi8 1u9dpfl speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubxfl8 6i 189um rtp,jddles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton whenrwqoxn.z lan3cf4f0) d4r.b 8 its relativistic .bzw)a8xq d4fo3l4 rfn c. n0rmass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of ma(0wyfsq u 6f3mss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight linr2a wlsyt/ c 0sar*v ;(ykt*6ae. Ship A is moving directly away fr* 6t0ycrytav/wl2k as(; ra*som the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the obserzv ;q8yw lbsm+w6 ,6bdver's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you wokwix1b 1+)m 3.xn y5iugx5g feuld observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sv b9s:ldblz 5( yr;fcd2 ,ii e;hb:s9ctill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowinbc:f9 zb52i(ydhcdv,: rslei; sbl;9 g at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in s9wor,oyk9cp3;j -vy m2 ypt +jtill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat i;9p,t omv o3yj 9jp+wyyk2 -crs heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wz psa4)q0x)a8x *xs vy4uxbc;ater. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 14qs8)xyp ;ax4xc)* 0asu vxzb.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel vsi78glnscup75 +(a y if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its nor(l7 7gps8v+5 suicay nmal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a plate c.6wmde2; rnet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elm6dte c;w.r2eapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are flr4)fj48 smu 72-1 xearkvqrinitially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), thvlr7ur k- aes2)x fm4r841fjqen turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brota0l p6 x9ynx:-exs lw;her takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on t9alx6exsl; 0wny-px :he spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is mov tgo uv-7j87yjbyi bu8kr**+ ging toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket sh lg, p55novw3kykhj 76ip have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary object)?65yg7wnlk3jkh, vop5

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship trakd c j,1 afb-q jw (of-)*/dvrwzp:+rbvels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it a:1 fac * kwrwqdj(db -rz ,jfv)-/+pboppear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system)b:dsb- zyc5 r is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passen :)- z5sdrbcbyger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaur+aicvr* ibl:g)o *ys*i, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward th b*ig+lcv:a s)oy **rie star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar systqb;z/kx;l2 d3mw5 z 1cotzzi0 gt(ri g042 lagem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse oazl3; z2c;qz dwi(tg5g0b gomx4tr/z 20 ki l1n a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The restfuc/ m9- .eko*ctfgh xad1z68 mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twicz-u, 9i5mmyz me its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0h n80, ;by5z6 gl9ypsz8dj79ghis n hb.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incg gi69b d zhszb0ny9hpn5;sjl8 y,h 78rease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum in)- 9/ jzw*fr dir ss4,zopqtb: $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an ,a gdtwz09f9c nt +eu8element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost dbgqfzz)jpg3jwd1:.m * 5 -ldhuring a reaction:hgwl.d*jjmzzdb1 5p-3)f q g?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to svre v-2q78sidh f.6n two kilogram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was droppeyx. t sax8fe38 kpwz+2ix kv,k9f*i:wd on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosisx2kw v9t+kyw:i 8 a.8izx,fep * kfx3ve. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What ioyd25jdgi2edm rv-./ s the speed of the protodyeir/. d25oj gm-v2dn?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton a no*agv+yj8/is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in vj a/ay og8n*+$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whichqava8m7te 3k.t94l r(;6f )zp vy xxvkt1s ds( $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whichxqn3 pi :6 *5ruxi)npnb(c,l c $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an 1feje ,kcncyp u6vm03wua2 /9 electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelfz5 -hqe 9,puoerate one kilogram of mass from rezohuqpef-, 5 9st to a velocity of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, 9)zdi 74mjnaag0jn3f$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor hrjl.gdc,bv t +-( w(ctas its mass increased with dtc wc+,. -vlbjgr(( trespect to its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away frx,l3h(j*i jxra *iqnnw /yx- ,om the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the *i/rjxljyq x,i3n-,wa*xh (nSun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through /z0ub(bs8 eq 86gpf zqspace at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on (qzszg8f8 /p06uqb beeither craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. Hoxy0oacd+lp8rr 6 d: /bw fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?/rcprby d+ :6a80ol dx

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eartpkxe/e+:g,nq6 cg6yb h with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative t:/+e yb,kx genqc 6p6go the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c 0g i-zo2l*owyy*h 1xl. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spy1hw-g*z2xl0*oyoi l aceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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