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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windontpm3(glp-* u ohn 3;nws, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What so h;m(unnn*p l-t33gp hould you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was desi 1ky7 uu2nzq3pgned to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concludedin.:o b um99ge from the results of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if youthx)(p y3v:4ubgb/7ew or i,y use the following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity f/p) am/6z-a p6swvnbprinciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions 7aivzr 5z,fu2v (yrl)of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special re -z3l.kni o*rhlativity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relg( dioco8f;0 uativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference fradug0(8f o ;ocimes that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate o.d eeq5zi1aa- f special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of special rec +5d)ts v08m4lsdkalh8 : dlolativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship movinglmw/z*h s 3c.j f0ums3 away from the S sl3/mwm03*.fshujzcun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observe k8rd9bvhc 43or, a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined as 4s )o 5addo1iy$\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a vem m3o/j0oii5uo (7ubkry high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remu/mib5(i0komoj7 o3u ained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observe6) :l ejk9146edra wu kt3m:v7vd bgyhr, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its ,b4jxk5 n l- cn)kf6xgv2pn;ylength with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a statik6lfnjx4 pxb5knnvg, -;y c)2 onary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocin1s-4 mjlcckc38d kt6ty that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as meatjc8-l kn3c6d1mck4s sured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the ma ,dw.x*b9u xrmss of the particle*9 bd xum,r.wx

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle appr,o 5s5j e(kndfu/y8ro4epx ,9it a ;skoaches the speed of light, the momentum of the parti4j,( kypfa,sx u 5i5k9;e d8ost/enr ocle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As ib2l9n d ewfv9v)2g 1fgt passes, you measure its length at one-half 2vf9fv 1dlg2 en)gw9b its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy22bugk 27orr c of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles?kr 72ug2ob2c r

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its *x/ tq92khzmq relativist/9xqqk*2hm ztic mass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of mas0ersif5z uc4g ls014z r jo)0xs $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceshipsh 6qahr 0 mw4qy*-dx(evvfd /(, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching0/qvwe4hx (a r (- dqdmfv6h*y the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of re:xt i.e18urqe ference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you wnqmbd4kx: g/iy,00w iould observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the skxkd:y)exl9 s v zm;mo 040zg+hore, does y4x:le0)m+g0osz 9d;vm kkxzit move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 5ux.w c3ak ina+ bkq,:ki9 ci)m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing axcn.k,:k q59 iw+u)ai ciab3 kt 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still watz dp sx xbgw. 2n8fum73mc.o19er. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boamw u.z8odx193ncm g.7f 2bsxpt is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed kef; ps zqmq-d2q0;nf2 +-wxtby a stationary observer asn2qpfq m -s-xt 2k ewdz;0+f;q running at one-half its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journum/gh;9g*c;k:pib ytey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is ;cmt/ggi*h k 9yu;pb :0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. 6by1*j(r(nysq5k yl4 ff-fk dWhile Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtne(lfnys5frb q-ky46*j ( k1d yfy), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.8 h5a uny,/ qnr/euhx2c51,k 1pxztj9p0c for 30 years according to a uz5x/9hk,nn/5u1yar,2 jc q htpxp1eclock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving towar pg9 qqp+3m gkb+i03qh(a l4eud you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to n0ucf 6qszaoe- /*l2lcontract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary objlu lzafosqn02ce -*6/ect)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaces4iay3z.rfdj j1x,7 xvhip travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length dof,v3 i axz x.14jyrjd7es it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centxzxi3mf)1 a:pw/*bd2) q-2yy uzks a pauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. )b2f:/a)z3sy1xu-p a xd i *ymwkzp2 qWhat distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system 4tt sut0-ho- 5fcch8dsa4/ md is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceshths4 o ct8dcshufm/5-ad-0t4ip with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar sytmr i/oe / *e;g sc/+le1dltl/n8t m5rstem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Eel5tsel8+ /mrn/g//dtr;1em*t o i lcarth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mas0g +olj x oxvktwjg0,/1ni0n+ s is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of ah2jz qacd()05nq0w r. coje 1n proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass wi*fr64 5far,+lmr2/l .ysnh8eungjioll incrnfylrn .e* 4mlri rf +u /hgjoa56s,28ease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum in8is1ot4 et 2 3 by2(ij:weazdc $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element los9 (6f/azw: nejdcm;b pes $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lolf*ys,5 5 oxuf6zc wvsg4) .eust during a reactionfx w4yssuv)ul, o*gz.ce 5 6f5?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalemnpef sk8(b0 0dj gb(7nt to two kilogram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasab1:j*2t/xqc z 1wgs gbfs;,bwc3 mw 9:nufnx1ki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy eq 1bfs 1n qwfscjb;nwtuxc: 92/,*zm3bx1g wg:uivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of ky6j/cusp , 1gd5 r4tra proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the proton?k,6s t4cr 5/rug yd1pj

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum*,.-v uqtbank1ba6 cb,z1jqqbna b1 qjz,b6,tv 1 c.qkqau-* in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reac..q4 qeo1 agkl8; tj36+ld3v waz ysoction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost durinc sl nag6 +ae4ds3mx7/g a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an elewyzyqhv p kgu:-u*64 )ctron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of enerfn87u*z ;emfemfsr-7 gy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of ffnz e-;mr*7ums 7f 8e0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, bn5cm5i n; i-b6ibb;-drt, mt $1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor haf 0r +q (vt9kpkfq (ga;w11rzfs its mass increased with respect to kzgt9r(0;v1ffakq 1 w+f( rpq its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure t; ok3k wg2oi5ihe speed of lkowi2o5ki ;g 3ight from the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Eartr:)) l kr- xybso*hs2xh. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on eit:yrr bolxhs )*s-k2x )her craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed ofd-zn)t )j,d:vw hw p0v 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative pv0- ))zwhnd,vj w:dt to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spacegro6nkak -(n 8ship then fires a missile with a speed of 0n(8n-akkg 6ro .50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of q+,z i,xw b.ir+u0jec 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earter+c.i+zb0j, ,iqwxu h if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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