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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has lkyui9:pm6lacw22 -(f w em(b no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should (m-lf p6wl2ui:am(e9kcw y2byou do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed t1s5lp h/(wrkxiq94bxj5ue zufd1 01xo measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morleyt(t o qj,fz(-j concluded from the results of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself gsjy4p z3eu2d4k fl5*if you use the following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity pj ub78-,efid. h+4qw xg jp1yvrinciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumption kqi.8 -sqn;hgku )8yts of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special re6kog9h yjemw 9+on *d4lativity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates7 x.p0w)y wx- knt7qlg in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of phys)- qx pl7wgxtkwyn7.0ics are the same in reference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of sp tkchb:6rb60 wz 9ve)fecial relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of spebr e-s6imvs95cial relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship6rg a 9luc+9pt moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speecr 6tupg+ 9la9d of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movingf. 2y+q 2nt *ypdol9tdef(2hw clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined as tyna*1m)40yk-w,owk1b ld gg $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very highc5hqla9 jozbk+ a lc/cog77 *3 speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that rem 3j zlolqca7k+hg c5oa7 9bc/*ained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observesvuwo*m,iz z /8 80awcr, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its k.1otms1xrmt-g5l4n length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of lighknl5tm- .g1smtx4r1ot. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its leng3aq dcl ,ksfwdcs6 ,+ywmg,93 th with a velocity that approaches thlc,3kf, c3m6ddqs awg+ y9sw,e velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lighl7ts6f c ha06ht, the mass of the partic6a7c 0 slfhht6le

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle czygbq4kuyendb 4-hb// p /q3 )1x. quapproaches the speed of light, the momentum of the pakuu.cg qb41 yzq/hdyxb4 /be / )n-pq3rticle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by h*6:rwjgw l*uj+ em- fyou at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its num l+*fgr*6wew:-hj jormal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its t55sd xf)*3kq hdex5urelativistic masse qs3kux* d5xfh)55d t doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton whu+3e.l. pn;iaq8 q hkyen its relati p iuanhy;qk+ ..q8e3lvistic mass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of mwyf8/ipjist -jn6zb+ wan oe -9wp)5; ass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceship 3;e,i l cjd3ppyj,l2 5ed0jcfs, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from ,, ;jdydijefe02cj53lc p3lpthe Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's fry0xj(u d*w.k3 q5f zwrame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceshm7gf 3cjo(;e(gh j (c(k4j bzmip increases, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Withpm8h 9 1lfh)rdj brd32 what speed, relative to the shore, does it mrdbhphm)j1d l8 32r f9ove in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sti*pf0) uhwxqw/ *,c0;mcmo;c ia s ao1ill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does 0coqw; m;*)i*a0sowp /, xia1ccmhufit move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Withgcnkfjo * 9(i7g-r3 vqmf(0 uw what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a rivq9(nvi w-mfg(c uf 7r j0*o3kger that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed8k m i6gh9vxuoy/icr4/.bde31l0 b b p5 .hnkf by a stationary observer as running at one-half ihmfkxob/ng bhv.dy bcrel3 58p/1069iki .4uts normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonm 3*du q. u)(bazsc fbn,th*;rstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the spc*dahfm 3z st.n;u*,bubrq) (eed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, 3c;slvl5v+c nq(i2za5oq d .z are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. 2cq o;.v3l5cdsqv5i z(nla z+ When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c f4 /zh eokughz6z v4*y)or 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his ownoz * hkeug/zv6)4zy4h age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is ;ku*c7q7sqypi 3l+xcits length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of h6c2nalmpf-s 5 ffj,;lzex6-its proper length (as observed by a stationary object)?- x nf;chfa6e6 5lsp j-m2,zlf

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spa:g(h0d:kpcebjo * ,nnu.n z-p ceship travels by you wi:-n:dcpjkn,p .e(h u*z0gnboth a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, w kvi gu+)+wvf)hich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceshipfk wuvigv)+) + with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our sres6t b 0dbgjy4 c3jrx+ *ma);olar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed 64y ;3x*b rmt bsajd)rj0+g ecof 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is A)37q2den kr pnlpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How muc7n prek23) dnqh time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What ipvl o bj iq7l unfot/4rm1f0mk(p1e/bj*( z:9s its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest masy qwzezg8u 8b.q;f z pk2 (dzd:r*)g4bs?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c tow (yx6dav 6u2f 0.6 c, then your mass will incrf vxdw626ya( uease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum in cci,ql k,ba ci6a73/kpfq vb13.n(lu$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element losn e q(;k0+mhxkc4ob6v es $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost*1r*h6m2caq afkl+2ilc j c:g during a reactio1fri c2*a* 2mc hq:6ak+llgj cn?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram 8z4j bd6qd .vhof mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peoa*1uj) vl;ef -w zwp.jple, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons ul 1pjwz. f) ae*jv;-wof TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton qu/mu3);9efot,tjel is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the proefu t,m; e3q uo9l)/tjton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of itsa58byktke21 ,2umcmn total energy. What is the momentum ick81nkmb 25t uamye ,2n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in which ip:pwa4ukd*lz4n*e ci-)d 5n $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reactionsl * k(a9ipfqca8 nm0d9qe(-n in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95jpg8e(vx p0fsx8( 6 lrc?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required tos, .v:. 1enqn,iwztq erbts,* accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velstb *.vti1q,q,nwn . rse:ez,ocity of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, e)dlp. a-bxpf4v ,( le$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kcd;w2 91 g/cgw; qpjkeV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect e2;wc/9cq gdjp gk1 ;wto its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at. *49ursrekpljllr )1 0.95c. You measure the speed of light frljuk*per s.l)14 rr 9lom the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling througkr5rg:2x4b l uj qqhc w6(h8h-h space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly rw (ujc2qx6 b:q4h-5r8lghkhtoward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. f(xbv 5k;0sd kxq;u i7How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stati;s7;vx5xkifq (dk b0uonary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a spee afq(zw9 nvl:5ruck) 0heh0y.d of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured 0a)cy lwz.nu9q kfvhr:h(e5 0by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Th7+pw7, l j)w zr)wxmxbe spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What iw7mp+ w7,w)lx)b jxrz s the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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