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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other e 3hk8 8wu:iip2 in,b6z2ddqdfl5;zjmeans for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. Whii zw5 2e ;u8ldz i62db :qp8d,3njfhkat should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley ex-ubeaj-7 s. iwperiment was designed to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experimeur fr(fub6/ g7nt that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the followin3(l- wsxs ri18r ydbo7g components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity pyxvbe13. )) rna. kbpllb7/vc rinciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprov(mc r*8 jjgvsn,: x(zld)rf ,z r,3vdvable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relativityncjs g66z .xle*prok4a890 e i

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulate(kyh:dlw si 9(s in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws o w:y di(hsl9(kf physics are the same in reference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of specilqzfvm g4 j/+yq75o3 nqt2x1dal relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of special rebq fudb)i-+cobi 1; b2lativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your qmx0j-d, t-ix a-0ik9r od .zupulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the si i. o- 9,xqkr- m0axtdu-jdz0peed of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationaryn1n8 qk5f 1 tglgc+4vy observer, a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is da9yj2jc4lr32gh( (x -dmueijefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to l +d*n c3bo9ocd *-w1mk6vrpsa distanto9dwomsl- 3p* v+bcd 1rk6c*n star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary obsp:7 m rv1yxado*osj )3,k5w ugerver, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengt6:rj+gvn eh 3;2hd wvch with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,hc heg6 wn;v3v jd+r2:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity tha1eoh 2fxevd o8c-*w(rt approaches the velocity (o*wee vf 2hr8xd-oc1 of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the 5omo8b4v0hjh)-ffhq7 m d qvz5ija9.mass of the particli4v975-dm oombfhza)qv0jf .5h 8 hqje

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the9vu. 2 x. ka/n1vhkbcb momentum of the parti.v9cbkuh/ x 1bv2ak. ncle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you mea j xyr9;ts11w2, *ei;fx valbosure its length at one-rfxes 2ai191x *;t ; oyljbvw,half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy lrof-o 10 tgn *ng57qlproton when its relativistic mass doubles?-nq f0n *51ooggt7rll

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton q/ ) ert1vw bzgcla5m 6:,qjl)when its relativistic mass j)a /zcqe )mbwtrv:gq1,5ll 6doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle oia+ tjqv(;l* gh; j*ejf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, eac8 *bs ws( pvpgw*(ny.k jxmg1.h traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocit xjs.(g* n*mwwpbs81. (pkvg yy of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of nxuo n gmg946hq+6it+reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increasemqsj .j p*rvi- )chx9b*sojh +8 7s/yus, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spe oyy: ht8*xug boff w*4,5*cfied, relative to the shore, d oy 4 5fi*8cgwh *:x*ufotfyb,oes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. ns wuhhm xw/2 t82ks*2With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m2 w8k*xhs wnu/sthm 22/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stillll2ejp0w q4d4 mcy,7j1: pty)t/kb jq water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a rbpejcw,44j)jtqqy201l y7 :tlmpk d/iver that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stam /6lu t mqvvmw:eszv4rd7)/6tionary observer as running at one-half its normal r/twm6ms z7 vvqe4/mrd6: )ulv ate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a no1rvucp w;ep(av,j+-z nstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the space+rvwp1pcjv-,( e ;zuaship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 1pux5:2l v((jgrt cr a:0 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How o(p2lauxcg rvr :(:5j tld is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a spacff 7yc qehjp:u.y08z1 e trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is y:8p zqjffyu07.1cehhis own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward jhot+z*gb/dnzfc7 . yl; /5fsyou with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its .pw)4;ess qw iproper length (as observed by a statiis;.wp es4wq )onary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m29ri-9bu+ub47qxqyymo l )mm when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you withrxq y9il- u9+ qmbmy)7b2 um4o a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centau k95h w).drzs)bh5bnbri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative k)nhs9wzbh b5br.5d) to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which ixug+3ky-tvnnvk9m/ ,; uxyn 5s 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clot un 3,xv/ny ;g v-muxkk9yn5+ck on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whi5i wzu3xpebau0s xh+jkj-mp8 75(xk 7 ch is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the m-5u8 b7xasjh5wp0+ xzx7kejk(3u p i Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is travelicvlt5 2r(gfp2e5dh+lc (2 yap ng at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a prote2;kyhd * (i2b9o-kkku from1 on if its mass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then yourik7 l (-tvgesan*4w2r mass will increase k(-7 sw 2l 4n*erigatvby

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum (bcx(bcu*gy;(7cbw nglvq 2k9 /cyz + in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an hn73b i f0j4f wgovhmg2r+ 6;e8qrhy2element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg og+n(pn :ej0 zv9z(jy3 otmp8hf material was lost during a reaction +og(0t3 :9ze(ppz8j njvm nhy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivaleng-56wbi hn(3r rwiqe*t to two kilogram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 14)v)yrrj )zz e;0,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy w r)r))vye;zjz hen this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the sp /,l5mcqsf80 1dow l /z6owmfpeed of the prc,mml 6s o pd5f0fl//w qo81wzoton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What :sgz us+ 99bw q:bdxa2is the momentum in 2wqd9b :uaxsb:+zs g9 $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whic xnqlfwhg )(du wkxx-0:s m**xt c9)v:h $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction1kkh89i , a85ij 0 ye 7.gow*vuoexlin in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron movintgi vnjl/7j-a+q zf74qnd )3 dr85hkng with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogra s.z0qgxt 1,tgfqvb2j +z0nb;rbqy/ 3m of mass from rest b2 y1gq;qjf0.gbt/+ntxb3 0 z,zrvq s to a velocity of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, 4vhhtr+70 e0fz df,un$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By whatro-gj: x ;u4go factor has its mass increasedx4 :roo -;gujg with respect to its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away frkhko nthmmt0u9,ul . yi+7 x/o1cz*t +om the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun to b0 olo1.k7,h/ u *t+utmchtykmzi9n x +e

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Eayhi 8k4j3d b; gqgu3.krth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is th4jy hidqk;3kg3.bg u8 eir approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with i (xkn:x6d7l v9 dzr,da speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the he,dlv6(x kidn:zrd97xadlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from tc+e4t bc8 ;n jew/ ,irhcl/rs1he Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative tos;t,nb14e /jiclc+r wer 8c/ h the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The g )q );:mnp5mdg,cqp ispaceship then firedm:p,i5cg))q nmg ;pqs a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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