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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other mean v9yg-czx/d x/s for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving atz/-c vx /9xdgy constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley eg3s2 zqes klzg7833dzxperiment was designed to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the resul mb9cdxq94-/ fynalq gn6 j7/kts of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if yo7esds*4 dyzq1 u use the following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity princi* . zt47rui tsgoy6i3ople.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable ass(+*mrncw* f/1lzmmu zumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of specialnxfnd73m *cj)cdl*)k relativity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theozk sz/fvf9rnb).br1mt ileq9hs3 *0;,tjo ;cry of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames tk. zv/f q nhrt1t; 0ioe9j,bfc9z; 3bls r*m)shat

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of+wfj7rqskr .j;cs 4 o4 special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulatnb)1, n ysbp-1e)noz ye of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure uxx* hdx mf59-6pdixu+(r x,nyour pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it,mp ufdx u+ xxi x-hxnr(6*9d5 was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a. ) hk:hl3 ca plv9v4z6weaw9a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is definedyl)y x :e2 az/7;qg91dgnf)cnbo: rme as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride iul gj/zmxl 9-*n a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin tha9zl /u*xm-gl jt remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving object86itsxh 23n yemy 5ogvx-i*r :

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a x.e:9kddijsksb4t3a,f9p. h direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approacedsah .j,9b kt ki3fs:.4xpd9hes the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a 01hzfjpj dfj5e+78ea velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measuezp+50fhe17j a jdfj8 red by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the s2shj enw; b 9p5bw8mn(peed of light, the mass of the particle9w e whsnpn825(mbb; j

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches0j0cjfi+ :2c 4 pfj7nno,gibw the speed of light, the momentum of the pa io ijw2j7+c4jnn0:fb c0f,pgrticle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speexr8x7zg xoxt p k:+j)r- 1rk1wd. As it passes, you measure its lengot jk+1zxwrk- r1xr) g8p7x:xth at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy protonse5z:4 )mpd tn when its relativistic mass d dt zsn5p)m4:eoubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its rel q6ve u6:go5plativil :v u56opeqg6stic mass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of mas2ke2efj6bg6n c dt05 / -qbmmos $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each trav ;.zuz ete;g3yeling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and shie3;ez; zt.g uyp B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's ,.l+;z e k dlhr-maib,frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would obs bcu8zno 5pj ;9a/o)coerve

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative 6mrq vr: zt;bi (e pbxg4*8b,pto the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is hea ipbpg *8b xmr;(e z6t:q,r4bvding upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s inqn8yuvk fl6/n u6 n5.x still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does v6lqn nu5n8 /kx.6y fuit move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wate1vi mb yfdjmg) d7y3,6r. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the ri jmyfv31,7 i)6mdgdb yver?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a statiodv31 2u6dizi wc1wy (bnary observer as running at one-half its normal razd2i(w3cvyd6ui 1 w1b te?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and ra6jp m )zrp-f10j c+o ddql(1ieturns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c,r+qlf(1 z6md-p jo 1 )0pcjdai how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old.hmt0055s bm7xb5bzv)jr;lhu1 y y t*mr2h ke2 While Courtney remains on Earymrumk2ebs1)0 b 0 x tyh25jzhbtr5;7v 5*mhlth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother tayj*b8: 6:sl s0k vud afs)gwj4kes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age a g)06j4 kla s:bs w:8*vsdfyjund the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its leng6ab;;e(x di 5nb680odsun mn.inc 4 ytth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its propfomyk ;b4 2:hner length (as observed by a stationary omyk hf;n b2:o4bject)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If txhk r/0ob4+sv he spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, s4/+xhokvrb 0 what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whic: *uz(z0mfi qxh is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship t xi:zfq(u0 mz*ravel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri,h7;7)m8vsdy 8eqlj,n v7 kmkz which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on ,m) 7 j7mnk88 heyz v7v;qsdkla clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is y*0cn *m3h sc/h no2ohAlpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on 2s*o hc*nn h0/3yoch mthe Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at d-ewr3 62wck5-d8 h0kk7ururm5l-olka ie a,0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its m;43ds pr e prj12zkqj3ass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your szsmi;od p6 :b8a)zqk: ks3g1 npaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will inp3:kb81 q: g;)6iz mszsakdoncrease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum *(en( b13pikksq5qu v in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an elety pmik5xwi q/a 94 4ta*.cya.ment loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be rel7z3-9yav zhp geased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reacti y zahv9g7p3-zon?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of myz5 q;/ae) sdlass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed c,kh7e +cc c -fk,s4rs140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much ma ,+-fc7e,kh ssrk4 cccss was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What +qouxt+l+c84nrivk-qz7 l ;8ponn m* is the speed of;lt n8ikrzpou-+o+ *m4vn8q+cq l7x n the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its totflc;a+nrnh4 vv4a 6i ;o1)fi3 dggr-sal energy. What is the momentum in l r ngisvvc+o3;6a;1d)r4infh4a fg- $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactionb 8qy vcag.11n in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reactionk a-7puj ,jzv/zj /3qn in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a spl yi++ys.-hh o+nc3ypeed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy arc8/8 lw4vckibs( /py ce required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest t4/k v/clcw8 cpy8i( bso a velocity of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, mo,zs/soj8g6;6p 6p k xaf. bs$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelefg8 o5 f+vc jb;-apg/mrated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest massp c/vajo8g5b-mfg f ;+?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket try p* 1ezm.f6buaveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun to bef6y1bu* e .mpz

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling t mj4(c8jiv)ns hrough space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward cj84s) v(injmeach other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast i:f 1cxgve2ac*hk c *;a9r4ac would light travel from the headlights of:4ackvxh *; *ice9g1 aacc2fr the ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The srk/n r4 x6cia-paceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired awanc 6r/ix-r4aky from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speolh7+ pfv++d0 8rsfs ked of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if tfo v s++k8fsd+pl h7r0he missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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