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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spao9mp98bp yo0 9vet(c5hgr t v.ceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or movh ( 9o5obpc prvt0.g9ytm8 v9eing at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was desfnz 89l4 jjxc6)kkla5 igned to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluk ukjjdlgtqmw2s 2040 ief;8; ded from the results of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following componecr-mq 2 .iwr lnz1t1-ents:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity principlepkanz-fw* k* /v05nj kts 4i+y.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovak)m k54l xi9hxble assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special ri s lkuxd9+a (gp 9olrb,:1ng;elativity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of rela1wqb0k uji.a v. s+u0s;7js untivity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference framej+0v bk;q u.us n7sju1wi0as.s that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of special rf1z)1 q;xmacn sfbp( w* 8fr/xelativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulaf oaoc5t6x9u,ot y/b /d rswn):y;a+ yte of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure (6zv i ej5hkv,j08x u d xyj-m9dz*c6qyour pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, y6jij5-v0u hkd6 8xcq *z 9(xm,zv yedjou would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving vaq3 ::dimykgv 2 en(4,l 4tmv5 nwv9bclock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined a-s*y t*pwuw9js//g gfs $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very .( se zq6n7mypv y*x 7ngdo4(nh1iw .bhigh speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remv s6 y4*h.em.wq1 b(noi (zp n7gn7ydxains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observjo*xb0ku *husm6 ux2xg:e 0 7o17wbj2qo rj0her, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length w(ubv):z:8k -h ) a gll9ftqilnith a velocity that approach)g:h 8l :k-nlli9(tvbz uaf q)es the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to qe, w 7x+2brflrlv5c +its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a sb2c r revflqlw+7,+x 5tationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the spetx/ , kn5,orjxed of light, the mass of the particlet xnx5/,ko ,rj

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, ttr+ik,* h7,gzzg afn ,he momentum of the partig *nh fr7ig,,+,tzz kacle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very hf2m /by.)md aoigh speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the fmod y2ab./)m moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativimasyemcufn 0 c-4 2/o2stic mass doubu-mn 4oea2 2cc mfs/0yles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its re-e8jw5 0uy gyqlativistic mass doubles? j g-8eywq0u5y

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of mass bqb/ixz(srso;) r 7f 1wn 74vs$m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, eactj8v :wa8s z*dh traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on vatzwd 8 :js8*each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on (ci792bqzwnf the observer's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spacv4kc- 8*uhofoh hpb5 4eship increases, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. 9afm6m j+q x57fa7ngq8 4gfui With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?jaf5g9ni u +4mf8fq6a mgx q77

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relativeqww1sri cz:6s 2/lx9 r to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat ir 1w6is qs 92wr/:xlzcs heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With w,2owg-l ohrrt6hdu 9sk w980yhat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 9wg8-uhdkt 2oro9 6r,lwyh0s 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if itobd;m)(ufmeiz (;jaj8 3 /oy4. pahaz is to be observed by a stationary observepmjojb( 8mf4(u;aoz; ia.e 3hd/ y)zar as running at one-half its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hour10 p9e/mz:.bbj3x8fuzhm5 )qqxup nks according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on thebfz98 k)px /z3j5.:u0 e qp uqmm1bxhn Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 y+ zh;; )da7r9y gqwm4 sd m6f+vd-avrif-gzy1ears old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed ++agg f;y)4dw im1ah;d7my9szr q 6drzv--fv of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space tri j1ndu9h o6k;p 5z*lso4ci1)ho z1ylfp with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock dju11o czkh;*4h6l n9losoz1p)5 fyi on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is yr 2c x5fzeoeyo*4i57its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper p n*4l ag.9coslength (as observed by a stationary .pcsng 49alo* object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 1)o d3w: ejyi6m0 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear tdye3i)j6:mo w o you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 ligr *rc*mpjgf,1 ht years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of*mfg pc r1*j,r 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurzw kb-br t6.igf .,f+p d/xgf6i, which is 4.30 light years away6/-dw+z6fb, .fprg f xkbt.ig. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light6 kmskro0zsy: o 7gx:4 years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time wouszxg :s6k0yo:o4km7r ld elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What g n(o4 ud3t,.tbxf-j zis its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twiceiq7q::+fg1 ngidhybg0i)il1 its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 dv )im)0 eb:b hn.3lzic to 0.6 c, then your mass will increas) 0db.)hin v bezm3li:e by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum a* yar/4a x-op6ixp;;g/ hfnoin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element lopwtg7 ;4sp/wv mb(kg7ses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during abd9r(1 6 ky- va0ci, sn-ciipq reaction0-qpd r,(-1 ykiai c6bincvs 9?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at restix.css.y t02r is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Naga(,219x dbos,7c k qp hjtpqr3ysaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. ,7c39 stxhy( q ,jp12krd oqpbHow much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total ,-pq(cmc/j x9h is0pu energy. What is the speed of t,p(h- 0upms9qcc / ijxhe proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momeng v;qwv4-v,ht;j et4hw*d o-stum inv tgqjso-e t* v4;v; hhww4,-d $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is releaseeod:k:amzgqbk6 a )6xrfp 512d (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in6/i) m .mnvdhbtjayyl1+;b+o 8no 2mh which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving wikr;32*namyr-zqr b)3.xo 7qvm r4tbd th a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are requnf(13td,+vvfj bn rs; ired to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity rv1nsn(+ 3fd;v,tjfb of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, oq+j n)4z4wel$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass igf+a8xz*is k . bhj3/kncreased with respect to its rest xb3j/+8f*sa kkigzh. mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95cvg.l kl7db*7y. You measure the speed of light f7kdl*vb. l 7gyrom the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relat1 .rey*xvfir6ive to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as mearfr1 yx .v6ie*sured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would l*64hf,uoestua -6nuao 3* qcoight travel from the heaqao,u4 f* hcuat *oones6-36udlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earthzedk n:w,* f:ald 8i)h with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative t l:dka dw)e,nif8:*zho the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth wcqm;w7 4lc1qqith a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward thcwq 1m 7qc4;lqe Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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