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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that 6ye/f2q ysmsu. a+aug9d o 8/rhas no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the shipr d.mo6u/f aqs92 su +g/8yaey is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed lx e) eh7xltb-72xu 7jto measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded +s*8ma 8(hvpb yr5om *qxse:cfrom the results of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the follot) 092z jt.hpst.kec pwing components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity princip rlx-*ojb9 zd /vgq1 s8k-mkv 8/ohk2qle.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumpt7vwae vg r qbo8+j7h9)ions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special )zikiohc/de ;tm0+g: relativity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theplq n0,zw x5;sj(n9bjory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference f qxj (l;n90w,sbp 5nzjrames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate c x)7j jfba wtqc /0q( 2ujcgd8u(y4q3of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of special relativ.fry, nc; zll2ity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the2c mv. ubf-dsz4ea:g4 Suz:4eva .smu24c -d bfgn at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer,+m 5;f6 x8:ls6kh ed gdpxpv9rt(n b+h a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined as / u dyouaj lde*(iuaq9z6bi ):xk)e5 6$\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship t uf;uj6 d.2:zarbaq +oraveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts oa ab q2jd.r+u 6:u;zfthat the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observerpm2bx . 5lc2roinh*/ z, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that app) ky3p-h-txu8 f/hfe h8db; wlroaches the velocity of light.- hpflf8uh-d3ywet h );8/kbx The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with9oz+iqojo gh179y zy) a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. Thez9o )i1+hj9yqzo gy7 o length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, th gf+h9xlwc;ckkshx/7 8 w:f bc(k 9/pfe mass of the particlgwx(kpfc:/lf/ hkc+f; 9h98 cx kw7s be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approacheskcp3/ -ffh/ez the speed of light, the momentum of the particl/fhz/-e3 cfkp e

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you m z 6e s6l+ds*dmvf:g+weasure its length at one-half its normal length. Fromsmz:6l6vs *e +dg w+df this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a z( lg6 yyt, bssfczl 84-z vgmp9937oespeedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles?gzmy69o el,c z-f4vts38(7ybgpl9 sz

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relatie4z6 z 9 erkbnen)z beto/b55(w86joovistic mass doublekb j(9 ezrwo6z)6n5 5zb 8o4oneteb/es?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of ma/mp4 x+fqwtip a69 3dgss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at (*wdjkt krl0f 6:8 ctx0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. Wr*6 ldtjw(8 :xfckk 0that do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depe8mxd,dv xr(wok +z xr2f e4x99-. rcnlnds on the observer's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship incsof ;w8j1 bl)b: r;(x-ti h(vwzgy .pireases, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still watz yrq):d5/rsv er. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in avzd5srq:y r) / river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative(8o az(dyb)n +;lz ish to the shore, does it mn o (l)zzsbyhdia+ ;8(ove in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.06g 8e t/d uxtryiw097x m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heg rt9dxu 6e08y7xwti /ading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is t,4: k*amxe(n00xn cu vfo4bw lo be observed by a stationary observer as runningfuo*xa4b0xew:nn,4l mv0c( k at one-half its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns i66a6zsgw zj 4,as0o ron 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the ro6 0 oa 4gzjs6,6wzsaspeed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea t- 6cf.c (qotufr8fd/fy (m 6yand Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at -6r y/6.t8ffqf fcc m(u(dot y0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takeul h geg*ri9e x+ f5zobs.18zwk9 (v.ys a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twihzew5+z9rgil .8v obeu9kf(. x *yg1sn brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving towar4h81xyal8k wkowi/hnhd8 f6yj9g 9e3d you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to hay5d6yi2e ;5rtdwx6 erao2 (- zmmjjh /lf of its proper length (as observj x5hazy-m tow6dyre(6ired;2 2j m/5ed by a stationary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at red x6 kg9i7:xjhbq0wb8st. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what lengt6bqkijxh8x79bdwg 0 : h does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 likp a5efgo v 6hi3iv51qd2c9ki/o5v86cz m5 veght years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passevv2oo 8ai5iicchfe3m p ke k5g91/vvz565 6dqnger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solarbv1 viq.n/ 3l35eru0 gqj9tfq system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a cons.31tij0qlvr qu 59 ngbef3qv/ tant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to + a-y,x n*vjg9iqpu(/zpmh s3 our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship wa/qz-ui *ys j(+v h, pn39gxmpith a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is travel,c)om icw w(+qis* (boing at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twiwuozci81 lk7o(.irit* c b,r8ce its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then yvjg3 ar3 95hp/d at7waour mass will incr p573r/9av d ta3gajhwease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum in 6 -dl* vy vvcj)wp/qinq*(h 8pedj(/p$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an elemendl+rdebzpq1u( / 85ei51v i iwp*e h8et loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lgcvb u)0x cws w,-qd4m+8gej*ost during a reacti ,b0+cu)wjgv8w dgceq-4x *m son?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest,slvt/6 j vtzjbrt* x/+8bce5 is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Naghr6l/;s:fprc asaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War h: sfrc/lr6;pII on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total ene 9*lb48w 9ozmdri4f )x1mrsrprgy. What is the speed of the pro4roi z dmbfsml9 84r1xp9r*w) ton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What iq7l m: t/z18mc:d9 mltexwcq 6s the momentum in:x 9w t1m7z /6me8llq :cmtdcq $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) d9eou6w/4s f 3-ugyy(ey k apx/uring a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in w upov q7,*lnn14ok7uzhich $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a spury0 yd*,ik d 7daf,e-eed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass)cbow /lc7- ns from rest to a velocn)b -cwo/s l7city of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, gsqw,ur 2 h /wpb, :n ou3iu5a0sungvm)f y)-0$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerateditnvma9 yw+1u c577 ntcql(k. through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increase nw5+v. t1yi lucnt(qmk797ac d with respect to its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket zlybz ry0/ gp*wdop*xv9/ k8)traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of gdwxo l9zy /)ypr*b pkv*/8z0light from the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c retkgx7k 0v/jfi unloqt;59 ;n 7lative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their a;ufqnl5kj7 i gvk/ 9; no07txtpproach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is tjwj wnesno3,oa-ie d+ .3n8i6 tkkx96raveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from tt 3i9+jx.ww6k,6 3j8edeo-n ansok inhe headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away f,sgbk m-(n aoqo 8t/)crom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity o8sqb /oc)go( n,tk am-f the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.8s+*vt:rsb(v ttmkr(06azd* b0c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocib6ttrs *:a0(v(zb vmk+t*d srty of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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