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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or .qjm,1*t, xauev4j d d)qf2etother means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you 4*2q ejudvqf)t.mdt1,ae,xj do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment .x(uqoz juhlr+n-)(.b4wb9fgj7 jk4no.kpf was designed to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of theioq2-ixju9* ojea7fc3c br a51r experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use. bu ,c2/c fx+v+y exarfgg*m+ the following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity principl3t.jcwb8s(h j:dqm vn6m1hrh0 ,cz v 3e.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relatb7yq nahj2fu69 u5f.qivity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special rela)dypqs j.r-i9 tivity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating th /go7j7u6-enf;y)dcr) gb jzie special theory of relativity was that /oj)7d-ufgr nzj c7gbi6y)e; the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of specia:*g//1v m+ag/cw k m c*w: wdajdh2imzl relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second posdtguf 4cf9s4-xvb6j *tulate of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pt0d gqe/6gcbu(gc+ imu w ,9tu8k.:vxulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a ,vg8g6txkc(dgc u 9/wm i+0btq:eu.uspeed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mtt, +muepq5, o+hhk1c3/kti ooving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defulnlc/h 78,k4ei7 yxoined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed (i+zi ir3sdazttp10.ke( 5ljna5wu; to a distant star and back again, while the other twin rep;ii r 3lkti d1(n jz.sza50weu(5a+tmains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary obser ;cgjq, 0hihb ;01f::s*jx n 8nhszanvver, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that appn (jf )m;;0;*bexbya vcym0e qyh 9 )rufx-)sproaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measureh0-xxu efyb;q)9;vy)c yrpn 0m;m( *afj )sbed by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length witxygpx(f5ly0e 2;,c skh a velocity that approac2(xs; f0gky,y x elpc5hes the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of h24wyjn+6s0g yi tt dn1m1y; blight, the mass of the particl1;wb4+hy gs ny106 tiy njmt2de

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum oxv a*/jr h) fbc 3fj2;,o- fdvzco)4puf the pard4haofru,f/pzvb3f))o c j* xv;j2c- ticle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at i3arq2epz-rqf idx)s.n l2+8 a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its n8qzq )f nrx.3pa 2l idres-2i+ormal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistickz,ircwyg6i ee8;4sd7dc)wyp l r:); mass ci)r6lgz yec s): pw;e,kd dw;ryi487 doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy pros 9q)g9g1qpq *idm5 xoton when its relativistic)pxq9m 95 iq qo1*dsgg mass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of masm 0j :)iesmn46-uv* ,tukrw.rtm2 vhqs $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a st:t8ze8 btm :enxus37 craight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velo8te87z:tcs : ub nxe3mcity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame og,*nok5e0q* hjjf 4vv f reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you woul, ibkn(p366r)an us-6mcmcb md observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the v. pgve .1)fcushore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the ep).c v1u. fvgboat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 jz:uvq 3;a/vqm/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, doesaj;v zq:uqv /3 it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, rel/ze5-sqk2m rxt-pk v 7ative to the shore, dek2m7 -t5qp/r- xskzvoes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be)2z;yj k* 4ih dd2qao ib)qk1p1qyuz2e9zu 0n observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half iu); )0idpde2q4qzhbz j2y 2z 1 kiquna*oyk91ts normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in hfs au( zj4at) 0my8e*10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If th*8yam )a0 j(4thu sezfe speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, a19qq r;ppusq. re initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides ;9q pqqurp1.s on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother tcw)ih0bq q3 )zakes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own acq )qwh) 0izb3ge and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is movzecx+ -:fd;x-x8i wri gqw .c9r.u3 uhing toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half ofxn vcd ndt7x.cy) 5(0w(n9dam its proper length (as observednvn7tm .ncw ydxd( xc5)a(9d0 by a stationary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If tvd atb5m aezbkz(+588he spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you m5z58bda8 +baeztkv(?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our ste9n2; 0lh jfumy6 tzeov+ .vu7kxw8-olar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative - 0z.9+ovv t;txf u2hn7wke6jyu l8meto the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whicmknh8j 6rm8(k h is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time8r86 n mkm(khj would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alph0yp g 1)ff ghgkply+cie+*m26a Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travelg) kmg+hp y*fgfc0i 621+elpys toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What bzax /o++3gg ho,8 h8t hkkdp4is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a mjksk(p3e-l78 2 zh nmproton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass .v db7zku4e.pwill ince47 .pkbzu v.drease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum l-togg3w/g5q in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element loszl 0wkej ) :(2u brogj/khc(+5j wq3pnes $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be releasbyj2y)1y* qqka .8k yeed if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction1 )yyqaj ekyb*2.qk8y?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equival: hip:wo om+99u9awtqent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb thatqqc9+dpb/ 2 u g3*ehnj was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of T 2njpq* q9 hde3+/gucbNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What isrn:pax(.u t (t the speed of tp:(.rxa unt (the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a profbq-x 1o7lnb*9a b/ jcton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentuml ab- 7 bnfq*cj91xb/o in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a re*dm bu0xyc 0-c) loes gbx/2e7action in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whicud-gt f25u ioeg/vz 05h $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an ele3uxhh a8 )ujk:yt*3fo zn. p1rctron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one-+zw0gc-s;x kv) fdxv kilogram of mass from rest gx-z 0s vkfc -x;d+v)wto a velocity of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, zs++dn k3 ,i4oc 1my5xwer9ol$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has 25u8we.l s pvmits mass increasee2mv l8wp u5.sd with respect to its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun aro sa:k t2gh0;t 0.95c. You measure the speed of light0:t 2; ahgorsk from the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c t25f + yd)eayy (xdmh.relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed direct( exdhy2d yft.m) ay5+ly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speedsy h-am9occs7*4 ow j5-*qnu88qz trk of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of 7q* -sot* zk9u-ra 84w cm noj8hcys5qthe ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0) hi +9jdq;tjt6 gor2i.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the)jg;qd9r6t ito+ ih2j velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a nzn(cgv0 ac((k15thnspeed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the misstg( hn50 c(z avnn1(kcile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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