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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means fo+8)0jzed e/kd r sh 1oww9s2)epj5 tusr you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant 92dwzk s )et/edjw18erjo s5+0pshu) velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley exp/ 9qada8o6f kmeriment was designed to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of thei w8v(utsum x;p5qq,j :en*6 yz8m xu,ir experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use t,9l w (b.loy2;jo e-8qtcy xgjhe following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity pru s( nxgq6m*5zinciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtv(jh yzc rqai 0lkiz9.3+*g+uh ry0m*onian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special jtpfiz3pu:q5:n k*-/h2 j xw orelativity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates iq 9y1a89fmez8 wl1cda n formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frama 9amly8f8eq1zw9d 1c es that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulat ,2 i6j5zd(h adds0dcpe of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of speciatd8 u ,p kmnv,dgm3-i6l relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away -q 7ds+hq zi5tfrom the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, 7sq+5d htiz- qyou would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving clock62q5fu/dx1ewdpz r f;

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is 5iz)k) 9pxpyl.p.l e pdefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship fb5v dei6(akfqtr5 /+traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut fdir (/56 a+b etvk5fqtwin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moj/t d d*uxo ofzs1 9eys:*31umving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity jy4c0uf m-)nhz( u yq.that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stat0jzu4 nfyqy.) -h(mc uionary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length witgt48f 2 ncbyps,p 9if9h a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stbpg 9tfi48n ysc 2,fp9ationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of th,fo7vht5 fl7v0y/ b pje particle0v5y/hfl7vo ft,pb7j

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle appr4;a kp8eq6 djdoaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particldadj68q k4e ;pe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high s ()x3oqjjqc o t.9i8sgpeed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, yi9ogqqts(xj3 o8) .cjou conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy ofv z 2;xs a.pjaa(4 fjf3;yr-jj a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dou4ar2fj yv-;3ajjzxf.pa(s; j bles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relati z xhl8rymq3,chj,g bnq *cc0)fy,u-0vistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublfg,nm uh 0c),bq3zcxlq j*y, cy-08 rhes?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle ofthbm6;y4sq7tc4d*zm xlcd l6v 00: la mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. S+1jq 9 k9jrnhdhip A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B isj1 9dh +qkjn9r approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's es6 e4 7hyppl6 yy/7ihframe of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increasek wi;pz/v,uh5z6p *5pt(ul rds, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With+9no 8/pr wga bptv /fg)b(1bt what speed, relative to the shore, does it +9 1b/tg tb8 rpvob)a/p(fnw gmove in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wateihwv0t.qy 7xhsdd7w q4-* d ;ur. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move -w. yuw7q4 ;dv t7d*hqd shix0in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s icrv(vpi:o )*qq 2qwb 3,1gn* nvjb qz)n still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straigho31 rbnq)vp*:qnq(iv,*gz qv c2j wb) t across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed -vv: 2ru3js*cjd7nfb by a stationary observer as running at one-half j- bj* vnfrs 2ud73vc:its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet an6,,1gpebpn3nzz m qhg l4f72 srqx p.4d returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on t,h,pqgn41sz 6pzgxe fpn.m3qb4r7l2 he Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years 3;h q,zs:m xxyold. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on amx 3 y;:q,hzsx space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed ocz4 xq7)xdu,yp 7 dli.f 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-base4)udy. lc dz, xxq7i7pd twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its len 34po2f7t*9pvhefo lkgth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to0/t 5 u9dvdlns contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary object)?509dtvnd/ usl

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is akcs7/ih 5nnclw vk6p n jamk 210y0b/3t rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length doeshi 5 ack1k 0 s6bkwlycnv02n //p73jmn it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light b0ur3x w6bhvny2++hd-s ( mknyears away.3r6n2 nu++ksm 0hxyhd-b( wvb A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri,5jljvo :nt y+9x2h-wzv*8hbzeg3 (z o which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the* xe wzbglz3ynhztjo+9h:82ov(5j v- star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar syst).oif+ x 2hyikem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapsefioikh . yx+2) on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is ituk7d1yuc:( uh s mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest megsd.*6z; q)itmp4yq cnuf7 ma jn.,.ass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceshi 9r(8 a ezb e:1mt(piq4k2hdmvp goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increasez:a (9vpbq1e 4r2hit 8m(m ked by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentumx3aq: o3bc 9fx in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element loses z.z9 pp2c nbe ncv+r/.sz j1:t$4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be/dz9g ( 6pm.yt1wsrfx released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reacti.fp9/w6r dg(1z m stxyon?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy eukx*g -)83hewpg1 g i 3aje-6kgflus;quivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was droppa)i+l.(o9nyruc,g lnp ynu1:p**h zued on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 ton n, l)a nnpyhu.z9:lyco+ui1r (pg* u*s of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a pro 5*7oq3h ggqtdton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the 3tqo 5g*hgdq7proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is tq5s iwmur z)00he momentummqru0i 50wzs) in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is releases 9pu2 vsbr*6zkp 5gl;t:wmmm. l2y5ud (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost durings39lt ik h tq:c;)0ehp nkoj+5xdb t/1 a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron mo fqk69;e baj fux 54je)3ploa-ving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate onevg/:q4tv r t+k kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity ov r 4qv:+gtkt/f 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, w;yc2 br l,j1l$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. Bykrks-je+-rw d zd 2:ez ;;0dwuw;qse3 what factor has its mass increased with2 :d-+rkzzew;kd ds0;w;r3ej ueq-s w respect to its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.9z 3cb+5alj; nl5c. You measure the speed of light ln la3;bz+cj 5from the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If 6 2d0m+an rnmxvhq5/g the s+xvmg 2h 0/6rq 5dnmnahips are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is travelingmhzy h +zn)os8sv;x)m t4-vhj8k ua3 . with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observeju84anvsh- +ktmvo zz x).38m) yhsh;r?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of cu xjvkzv)5970.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by obserxz59c j7kv )vuvers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spegkr.x *zg)j p-q79 or;kj gk,aceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is thqkz-r jkpr ;7j. gkgo) e9,gx*e velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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