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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means fomhtbge wq*e8s *+cs2: 9 c-vqb 2gri)mr you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant ege2b :hs-sc*+mi8wb q *t mc9 rg)2vqvelocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley expek dq6ky7 03g4to,l rzxriment was designed to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment that -z6. ql.jxqtw) ksix,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometerg3l ,qm;n1s iz yourself if you use the following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity cxifxc,r u*2rc6 -j s4principle.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovab dkniy+2tx23ur +ma q7)mklqt-b- wufxx -i/1le assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relativmi+-b*)qm6z jnly) )x2fjar9hsy yz )ity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in fo fsnuvt4; nw z36;tr6fqcce8 .hch 7o4rmulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physiczho;wfu8cq4cc 6n 7t e .36nh ftvs;r4s are the same in reference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of special relativitytp -z ak.)h y04jwody7.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of speciaxb ty lrwk j6560tg6o0l relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your puls5j to 4v7hh/y+nh)-d ahdi/7 kqnpn)u e rate while in a spaceship moving away from the n)hnd d/h ua 4t)qo7vihp-+jn5k/h y7Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary obser4v*-bjc oh9+wz5ltgoa ff*u 36atb9vver, a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is definedzg ef a7jfi vlk1/8kh)- xiz0/ as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling asa- sr/-v3rf xt a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth pr/v x s-3ra-rfsedicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary obstb9pxcdi4z :z +32z kperver, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that appror2ovfxb 5htziq.wlz80- *y d ;qib. g9aches the velocity of light. The f2vq.g9 *xi8 qb;hy-zol0r.dt5 zwibwidth of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity w 20ghwl6:g jythat approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationaryggw lhj260y: w observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle apprsxhl 7fugw-q hg7r, 0*oaches the speed of light, the mass of the particles*r0gwh, - fx qh7lug7

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of livofn2er (;m( 7 wyv+.r+zmm rlght, the momentum of the particlmr 2 lemmr 7w.+noz;+(( vrfyve

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passey9b76e d;hyg tq( 5:;jzxhl clp4laim9v9ux 5s, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement zu65 lq;hegvjdtxya:b 7m5c ;llp(xy9i94h9 , you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy 3* hd4 p8zwh*k/dpmoxproton when its relativistic mass doudow 43h k*8pxd*p/hzm bles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total 3vr.t8s zm k aj8rtx (ne5r.ikpp.7,j relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistntxvi,78 krjs.jraet (pzp .m853r .k ic mass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of q: vr9z4qr* wkmr4p e3mwi)8pmass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight ll(vjv; t ybdf..fc r;bw4+t4e ine. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light cty.c.;brwv vfej4(+b ;ltf d4oming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the ob 9ro xh;kwrrt0ci11*f server's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, ypp rg9do)(t e:ou would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still ssj;n 6dd 4p.tfw46;31 df+ z)gy7nvdvr r hiiwater. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is h6nir 1jhg6d zd4nfds+.;;wt3 p4dyv7v ) irfseading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to prou*puz(sk c80+s8j(tqyw k/cgd 278b:iv xthe shore, does it move in a river that is flowing a(obv2sc tq/r k087g z8 w+cp(jdp8 *kyux:suit 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to6qjbeu; .fo (o the shore;6ufb(q.joeo , does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving ckf8x:ejk u(t-l4 1wwyb:f8bdz- qin/ lock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-hal-wjyiuxf1w bl f( 88:db4-q/n ezk:kt f its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a plan:z5vfe ;5wez4xlfx3 cet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on vf55;zxce 4fxle3w:zthe spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While p b1eg5xt//f(i0iw pie*j4 uw Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for f0 iw/i /p(i5tefgwe1 x bpu4*jive years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip wit526hl7eu v pjozr,/aj h a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his ow/j2h7a65re u,lovzjp n age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 6*6a6w2 mc ef6vo oiyy0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its prolg xvhn pc..9v8q-f)88ti qe rper length (as observed by88qlg icrn .9-f q)v8xhtpve . a stationary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshu/:ot*d,85 a/h mntomzh t.6/n+lfxg ypwa9hip travels by you wi/8d/l a+htantfgpx:6h,wh .ynt/mzo9m o*u 5th a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to o2 8vlg0gqe6 zad xxtba5(q1r: ur solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passen8r6x01bvta2(qzl d5g: xaqge ger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar lk s2 .*8vz3h:oh0g pkbqgk 8zu1k (ehsystem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constantpkh(vh klog2:e sz.8 q0 *g1ub8h3zkk speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to ourtm rz ,jqavyi ,+jzq0g/ns:;0 solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to yv: 0sr,z+jzm agt/q q;ni ,0jthe Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c3b9 ko4 glk m)o iah6mhif/33e. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is t4ktjkt (;- y(- x)s oodsq,yacwice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c qj71*zsln5 ptto 0.6 c, then your mass will ljs7t 1*q5nz pincrease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum i1zi4:xj8qmvg xq7w a.n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an el.btf(u(c tve1 e gdvw67n04yh ement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material wgeccxap.0mu -c9ik.b66x j, u as lost during a reacti., a0 xipxcjcmu6g6c-b .uke 9on?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at re z:lo7*c s8j7p zf swlf(j,z:hst is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peoplnuv .;i,h1x xee, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to thax.vhinu1e x ;,t of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton i; g(.x) 5* lsvguskytcs 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the p ); cslxt.y5*vgkug( sroton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the mb/ xkfd 9p;;nt uuwmclva 9/+/omentum in u;c9xnt/9+//wal uvdkbp;m f $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during 2n2pdwb 5do6ws)zs6v 7elg8k a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is los-+vii lsg/ap (t during a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total ener5 b,gp9 wqjw/rgy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mas zg6ow-*v: li/ qwspk(s from rest to a velo*vk(/iwl:- 6 q wszpgocity of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, m ;ksviki2hqw g+mp*;w mx3k8 0g7uh 7$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its maziwxy9jb l op,5w9/g8ss increased wix5y ig 9zl,8wjw o/p9bth respect to its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0a xv *m(t 5yhz1t5zw9a4jp /lj.95c. You measure the speed of light from the z4 5 m(a5 yxvztlpj1tjw/h9*aSun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth,o ux l7s+*:mqt3o 0a7cfspxh2b w, mt. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person h twx7b+am*,2sf ,coump: l0x3sqo7 ton either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would +b9mfb *uesc7*dsi 3glight travel from the headlights of the ship re +3umeb9sbsi *7 d*cfglative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed ofjgbe*:bouib 45+njr 1 :5noax 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is firj:er:j+ uia 1 obo54nn bx5*gbed away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with jb a) jsnexm7ng(4 8n,a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. Whs,e b4)(n ngmax87j njat is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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