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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceshe 0jzq4;p* p;jn)s4 hh d+xpbyip that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determ0;h;s n)4 y+ 4 jzpxbjhe*pqdpine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to vr:7n m al0(bqt1g:dx measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded f8d(dc rhr:,s znk6/ciz*tg1 krom the results of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use theh5sm 0i6+y.rlyx 6vbdb -y9,yc )epuf following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity .+aoofawj,9 fprinciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativ )h lw5i.fk+ *lpr6tn o:ys*i vb(yjd+ity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of speciaon)a ggcl775 u1h-pctwne x/(* wlst* l relativity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates i pr+/8f;p7fxuemet0mn formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in re; p+xmf80ptme /f ru7eference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of special relativi.v0gsj,:+ g;ml -oncqppm v cc (9,)cyvy3ysr ty.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of special re2 mqssf km9(:blativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate q( 11tm2ic6ikokyc;xh.rmi 7 .e * qu-6jnfmpwhile in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to p*c(ikefy. m2 k .j1q6-iihmu;rno6tx 7cqm1the speed of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a statio:m(a6d;v,rp nchaad1nary observer, a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined asf.9u/ee gu5lz6 h*k9pgdf dp. $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship cp 0io4ahl imds7166utraveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts i4p10ac do6 u67mhli sthat the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving n+6td87ppoi5k +hqg a object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length win,7eyjj4ntoi shi s*o3v.*a gmq 4q-5 th a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. iom*4 ov 7neg*j 3h-st ja,4iqqys5.n The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lv:)7.nzv nphy ength with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this objec.z)vhpvy n: n7t, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approachese-ws ;;cj2elz g w9wfj ja,y s3-22npf the speed of light, the mass of the particle g;- 2pewlcn 2y;jjfw zej,fwsa2-s9 3

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum ofz8cs-k9hmu f 6 the partic9hf6mk8c -zu sle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high p;f 5;l9mif jy ysh7h(d/fldl4pfb9 0 speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclu;l d hjfsm/l(py f9h;l f57pb df0iy49de that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetichf 7kgs(b4z o/ energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublebgoks(h4 z/7f s?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy protj;yi e 9bd+hy6 4.9inpm,*b vb9 hdqpgon when its relativist ib dyh j,h9pqygne6m+.9b94;bi*vdp ic mass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle oe b ur5ca38zbjxd /6f/f mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 1q4agz6m20*ugj7kw8yp e q y j0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What 1qg8m yzpukj42670ga wj*eyq do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of rlre fsenz4 oxj+s,1 9j/b .hb;eference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship in 7-o nthbse.hvk1 d0 ( svcx:yvoaf89;creases, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still c0yn( 2n5x:+rns-td)r bpr pewater. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at nc )+052:(pdntb pr-xr esynr 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed 3)swj6phj1h*6 liny h, relative to the shore, does it move in a )6hlns hy ij 3*wp1h6jriver that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/swqquev:zr.q9 l6.6+y5 todkc in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the rivoqwcr.6dq ze y :6. klutv+95qer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a sta:2 3wmgjxf cx8tionary obsmjfxw3c 2 8g:xerver as running at one-half its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returnywb:-1wt3iiro3w h v 3k3+jbf s in 10 hours according to a clock 3fo 1b:3-b ww ikjw3i +vrty3hon the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 year8 3glaowtx wj; 2+f,ojs old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then tuo a wftwol,;+xj g82j3rns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a sph-4 63pume 3wocd 0uma5ov o(leed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his ovp 0 e5(lu6m3omoud-oh a4wc3wn age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is movingtmy k;(6u6)qu /dd not toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contrg: bo d,+ba ;3 vjz/+wzs,jaegact to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary obj+gv bzbd+w jag;,,ojz 3 s:ea/ect)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If m 6alf n.7*a0ojq zd,vthe spaceship travels by you wi*d,6l.oa j0 nmvza7q fth a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is p .4a 65)xfcijp;xbmmAlpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger oc)p5f;xm46xj a pb im.n the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha l9fwikgv ptl(d7-h f;u.2 ru1Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time wug t v72rildh;fp.9-(1ufkwl ould elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light ye*sh8 10oc(isox sz-x gars away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?( xixs c1z8osg0hs o-*

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The renzu g:k;n.ea2st mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its massx( wyphj ja3fe 6n./6t is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to h f zi(hrmi)0 *oozzfho/u50+ 0.6 c, then your mass will (5mui/fozr hhz*+oh0 i 0 o)zfincrease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum p 0 3ukt i)b:0lj b;.uywg1)rgoqsrk4in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element ltgucw9s2u 27:ml4xk p oses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was l0jza85s, tdcp ost during a reactio ctasjd5,0pz 8n?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest pnipv-aiu*2d7 3g0hs is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 p /bq0.f)j qoa*grotj)eople, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 to j*o.)tj/q0agro)fq b ns of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a pror a/j1lx 85wikton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the proton 1k wj/rxila58?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is tu2hq/4 m;i9otu n iff0he momentum inuo;9im0 hu/t4q i2n ff $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeVhqym9 :66wl fo) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a (0 u79s/0 al)ofzwgksvw w5ks reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a spet-vey+k v09emed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass fromxf v8n4c)ovwhd7 z) nyu6m j75 rest to a velo7d 6w4 myn)5h)xj7ozv cuf vn8city of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, rhe 7rc6 :wqy* p6t,31ptoffk$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100ug + 2phd(ey)t kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its restu+te 2dhy)g( p mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure thc7txxzwp3z)+5 whfo 9 e speed of light from the Sun t3p+wo7 xwzzxfct9 5)ho be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through 1g l42eq d ldtx-k)ke-8gtc(v space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their app e-(k-4 gt gk8)xtdce2vd1ll qroach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with aeo90/-ta .0l tlvpntxp 0n zq* speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel vte x pnl/*00l o9q0na.t pz-tfrom the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a sm2a 4mvi7t+ z6gr mq-upeed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers ovu7t m4q-r m+g2mi 6zan the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship thenpr ;c g( ueo()5)diyhju hc*-e5 n-wpn fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocheew;( p -5)nnur-oi)j5cu*c (pg hd yity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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