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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, v/gb iahe9f89qapu :* or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. 89 ue*v bapifgh9 /qa:You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed fhtp, w 33i5wrgwrbg5c1 ;yo;to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of tv ev *re8jo)b*heir experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following componento0cv+6 * bmjt.glz(qvs:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity prinche94 zujrwc,s k)o0 3riple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assum)onl ii7x6 ;- cfio7ymptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relat7 lzw q w4/3q mpvg(h1t:xr;leivity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's poycb huz8u6wq +u1po*odk+09 qstulates in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in refeuq6c 0 1opw8 b+ yd+hoq*uzku9rence frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate ob f+xna4mt)jh u 3h* xhdg/xz9t,u, 3jf special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of speciajx bde83qbe8a7 8oly:l relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse ramay7v p8gd m9/te while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a mda/v9 yg pm87speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, nrbwa :,:-4 uepih1fl yywa*;a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined asck at jwt*m,e7vl+x: 4 $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to :+j6z *q2vsdyukng8v n3ic v+jhm pdn1.7lq* a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on E*iu:npj dsm+ *n v+ vy72lk d8zch. vgq31j6nqarth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary x pjyk hm .+)n1jkwt1;observer, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction pm+akfn, ta,7zarallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of thia7, zknat,m+f s object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocipnw x4 wyr(w2av9sz4/ k9a;woty that approaches the velocity of light. The length ofw(w9oapsxa ww r9z k y/244vn; this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, thwf/: wgt2kr x;whe-0ke*p. b ue mass of the particlew.x;t* kw0-r gf/k :pube2 whe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of3-zxx;ce 2x* r imudm; the par *-;2x 3;imdxremu zxcticle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you a0i.3 oiq:cpmam) qlf .t a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass mal.o p0q:ii.cmf 3qm)ust be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton q(elpq 2yqz9ze( :k,gwhen its relativistic mass do,l9(yz2k(gzq eq :pqeubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energ(xmor*5mc x 9qq4 jyw;p4pr+ qy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass (jq*; +xprmq 59mp44woyrq xcdoubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of m xj(o ur+ev+:rxkyj3:ass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships,,u.5t ,s9tvnog n5cy y each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light com,tn g o59,un5tc.syv ying from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the 71.qs2 cu,vofk zdzw 8ci-:cyobserver's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaces/s:+pl jxmhy oqot3fx w/r.16hip increases, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0l;9nnk:cer7 b m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is r 9le:nc;7nbkflowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, r8jxe0ak)j 1 0,wex5ayzvb5v r)q g3ktelative to the shore, does it move in a rizj,a5e0 a8)vjyqexx053ktkw rb g1)v ver that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 mrqv:yjy wigpo+:g; : xil:. 2i/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a rivqivwg.lriyg:o:yi: :+p j ;2xer that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a su jwn42lejh8: tationary observer as running at one-half itsl8j24n jhwe:u normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planetzo d lvo.eqr(ykjy7)bq4 l*7; and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceshib77y(lydoq; lkov*4) jzqe. rp. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While f t 2 ,mk cm5vl6)+vcu,;cdmarCourtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around akm+ccd5l; c6)mfa2u, tr vvm,nd comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space tri2sq/a1, j8lbuk+k5 glc aqjd8p with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the,a8/gl8jj1ksc2dq la+k qb u5 Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is mov/j*bmh:rw ,j iing toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket shipfy5di,;ad,e) ,a hc hq have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a statiod; ,q)yah,fh5 a,edcinary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshifh/t5* g*cw2rra udtv8/xym*p travels by you with a speed o*f urgrchtm/* *y2x/5v aw d8tf 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar4bciyjt09k k01x2ux- -pvi c7 k ln;knox)k w( system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spacepx0wck v ( l kjt;yx) n47k1n k-buxi-c0k2oi9ship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centau 9z z6tt hf2.dtzj+v2pri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels towa zdz2pvtz.+2j9h6ft trd the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar systgqf36n-j/6 zi q-n lfxem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would efxin/qf3-jn-l 6g6 qzlapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass;x+w:s 1i9k42j0fzux9 m *yqikvf ihl ? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest vmye5y6oj0wg 7,pw6)ag 8j lz mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes fhf(abrdt 0yk ,:ue(7 grom 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increa ,d:k b(t fueh(ry0a7gse by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum,g1m6 6dyb bet in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an elp h79 tr;egr/qement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of iluq7,omtt:th ;j ,h y r41j.ymaterial was lost during a reactiyh1o7 i4:t.y mjljqt;ur,, h ton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rmzg9dh +0;prx,h vm, rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on N h 2z3 gke0x6 zurldn.cxf*+c-agasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World3n-zf dceru*2zxx lhkcg+60. War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the sxlj; r: h3cah-peed of the proton?3l; hh-xj ra:c

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Whatpsp/6:expvjat l5stw6jrz 2, v;my * 8 is the momentum inpxvsj6 t/ty vs2 rpwl86ep,jm ;*:5 az $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) duringq(shj8bf 7-- ur:lf,.aaed lc a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in wb +6(vgljwm1/azuptz5 : h5jf hich $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy omj e,f, j(f6vpf an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy art(:8m0dr dj6q xzq ku9e required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a vtm6 x9zj rd: kqu(q0d8elocity of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, d9*vxk1n ihq(:y3 9s bmz ((lyhl0r yo$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor e:9xt 0vuzp n*has its mass increasedu9n0*:tepx vz with respect to its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the spenspa9 budq7 84ed of light from theb8a9 dqp7un s4 Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are trau)ew ywaf*asn81 sho0 +s; j.wveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward ehn0o swf1 sj*)ww.8;auae+ysach other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would kxgx5.:5(rjzx7wzf:c sw tb-.l+ky tlight travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a sta rcw 5xktlf-.xjszg7:b.+x( wzk ty:5 tionary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The +tilz t e3*k7vp76m jdb 3hp:u-iuyv7spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observv- mtj yhkv3tp+7bz7*6d:p3i i e7 luuers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves aw99nuo /e4vcy mok.+gw+vdew( ay from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fireso.wd9m v94+ck(yvn e/ ugew+ o a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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