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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no .9t (l hpxn8cvklh e97windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at ch9 7tk vllepcx89(h.n onstant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to m2 suhe 7s:wx/3okmnn, easure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experi 5gt5iltf)w : mpzp;)iment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you u9 +l nu94x*cy )d qws7aspa)lj9jryr 7se the following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity princi c;-ec7j7 lnmkple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonia*hg-u7rfn v6tqtkw93 n relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special rela3 +jiv cg*kn)wtivity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating bk a3t ++plkv-the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same invk3 ++lktpb -a reference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate oqvm4 c3dq/pr 3f special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of sxg* vfe8-air x ml**0gpecial relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving awatbnrjs9+*)f +pv ku+ ty from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you vupr t *s++jfn9)+btkwould find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving cloc4j .nreppc8- u6it km(k

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined ua7 2z )) vl*shcois,was $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed l *37clzt fmuha,oc;- to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predict l 7zhmtf- ;c,3aou*cls that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary obs2tn5tbxywal)xoos99 zg.fu ,47iz2 q erver, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a directihql eefsq-a)./ u/awf k2 l2y-on parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. /aq-f y2au.)le esqh2/klf-w The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction par ;p oky2c6ljlx-1.vjk allel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as mel xk1.yjp2lo k v-j;c6asured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches ( cblcl .z +n fzt;y5v5qoxe2+the speed of light, the mass of the partic zboen2l xcy+(qzt;c .5+ lf5vle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the sp,.0 l negxe.n)a)s)gw vt 9bzrtw)dt)eed of light, the momentum of the partxt)tl.e. wzdg)b))tn vw 0,n a )gs9ericle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As i4pvlbv 8t *oim hri*u 5*2a1zht passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, yo 4b a2iu vr*ihzlt85m**1v phou conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy ofjr *) bs9804zzwsmxiqe( 0 gde a speedy proton when its relativistic mass double s* bz0ez9wm)e84grsjd x0i(qs?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total req828fyhka )u )bxf) tplativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistiff8q y ux)pth8k a2)b)c mass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of mass zma9u9.9gqkg ick4 .j $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line0, o;wo.+b-yin q 5pekis4bvo. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light comiw ;.son4epyo 5ok0+i-ib,qvbng from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's xl v qdevl 4;7)t3gvlx,coc pq 5f;.5pframe of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship incrd8jq l9e,4xqekj2sq8mjx7+u/ ,0qm3xpl dmr eases, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water6i/v1+(itr7 k yrx le1k/revr. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it lr v/e x11k +ty6(ve rr7rk/iimove in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speewy7 1:nrzr nv)8v018a:piqyk gav-jfd, relative to the shore, does ig8rkz8:yy:) i1-0favv nj rw7va1npq t move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s iv l9)zs10i:d zxup:3ta:wodcn still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight aco: d9pd :zzl1wvut3a: xc is)0ross the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed byzkzhn3ewx361 hyyaq) b 3ry6, a stationary observer as running at one-)3zh 3e wrqy 3khxy 6z6nay,1bhalf its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet)sk (f vtht6y) and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the)ys (fk6)t tvh speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are ltu, q:49ve ybmto09oinitially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns arovt4u y,9eool9mqb 0:tund and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a sp) s8jk+p; pb - pp y;rdm:snygxao46*face trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earthyo 6s 8fx d*b:p)ay; 4+s-rpmn;jpgk p, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its leng+5 s1vtyy :vflth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship )8gifp9du pd8have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary 8dpf8uidg )9p object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceshi1jvdb +cx0 7b7qs)ex0qgtxs 6p is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed ofb 1qvqsxd+x)j67tsb0 xc0e7 g 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to vidz(,ood r :-a+fz 3dour solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant z:z3-dv, i(dro+ad fo speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centt7n 9.djjv(ddi0( uc jauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a d jj0(u 7t9dcv.nd(ij constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaug+o o6nrdj *4rj 6dl)vri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative tod6) 6 g+j *rrj4lodvno the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The reshhf zlc: hm-1rl a;:a,t mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mr1.*p1h t hnniass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c k74e7gum 1kvb,9yu pq, then your mass will increas y 1,bkgq k7euvm9pu47e by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum inwv iu 1c8/ fncmht l.7hed/6w4 $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an esk9r,/-rph tb te;m;flement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was 8rk3v. n q nzwff-vrnr.z t:9,lost during a reacti 8 :qtvvrzzk.wff n3rn,-rn.9on?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two k n,07+wv75p ayhh xdcvilogram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki ;p)6+pip1fdblww5fb z k fg.0 in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosf)gzwb0p.fpi+ 51fwklb6 ;dpive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Whtvb. pf*zt7 v9q7xyl ;at is the speed of the yt. t bxv;q pz7v79fl*proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is they5hzr euw.ti+,vk 26hh(y :bd momentum in2y:,. 6yzk d(hr u+ hvbwihet5 $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction i64 u l9z,wuhg javql,f+jil p wh623;jn which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost do68lo aygp 2 v-19mqb*ygk3 syuring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energh 9sfza29s9m4ps(adte3 5 v umy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogramrgt-y.obd 98ftb;0 m s of mass from rest to a velocirt0-bt 8 yd g.om9b;fsty of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, opcb2,q 1ilf7)hwq b )r0mu 5n$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has b pre 38v7r:dln:l ch1its mass increased with respect to its recln:rb:31hr 8v7lde pst mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveligxuu)7;gjn3 rng away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light)7xn guj 3gu;r from the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space atehvq)d 6 m6/6qmt:hb r 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, w td)6 h:qherv6q6m/mbhat is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light hik1ip wfr750 travel from the headlights of t 57piikrfh 01whe ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spacesum9 tcpa0f;r wst(1(ohip then fires a missile with a spet(u1p otm;rsaw(cf90ed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speedt mvz v g+w*5ry bjho+5:ue(ywvpz. -: of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires z-evy jo5tg*vrvw:b pw(.:h yum+5z+a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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