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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other ment 8 +du4oz/7qrn o)h8nmg4 dkans for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant vel4k o +7ndotn)hznq/ 4ur8m d8gocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was d3mlr r/ nr*3kns2yl7zesigned to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley c-eye 2u*cu7o woncluded from the results of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the followia:.zvo6(5 cu(wuu 4m)f fac dxng components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity priluk0zu 3dg 4xm) d 9bla8t*/ubnciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian re a)w0;e6lvnhh ccd4 l.; pr*q)hfc/ qllativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relativ.0rg+rl-upvh ab: nvam)3g u9+, iummtmy .r2ity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulay; op-qsh18cl4hg g +kting the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same gcpg h8;l4-h1+syokqin reference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of special relativity. ohtironp* ; 6 0;(qkmu8jx5xc
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulat5tqxa;;gt t2g e of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship movinweua6,bkc2j 4g away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would finja4 kuwcbe,26 d that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving clogksrr9(. (c2 ksqmml2(hiv0 ack

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defie s(livlr)fdc2w3k e /6(cy6qned as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a verur0:+,oja87y vxj 7r8i iad vmy high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronauivri+u md8,0axoy: 77a 8rjvj t twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving 4un,w t8 sf4e9tr6 oeqa7sw(f object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to itpaaaj4) 1s 4bls length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured bya4ap 1sb) jla4 a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction par 7zs f ,1s8tvluip*lu/allel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this obv 1zps 7/llfi ut8,us*ject, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of t w93pft+u 3krnhe particlk33+9 urpwfnt e

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed o 2.:j j2p6mv1e oerlr4tkmk 1kf light, the momentum of the particle4:62 1m jkl vmk1t.2oprrkeej

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a vl(e*bgf/q 3md1kl 5 nmery high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass ml1g3mk dbqef m(*ln5/ust be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic z (,pkw tv-bbi*n2tv9energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dw2k-zvb*b 9pt it(nv, oubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic eneunq(*i(1 z )kvme/cu grgy of a speedy proton when its relativ/qv z1 gm(e cik()unu*istic mass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of maska(d+ctt v)s;:ps -g zs $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0ngwzo5:qlk )4yc ;ya.tw hi,3.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship o .gi)zn:aqlkwc, yt3y5h4 ;w measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following de-3b xgp*ynf/ ppends on the observer's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you wouldm(b7 29eqhsx;e cos r( observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s i:e1oa/ydq0fm n still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, :df a/e1 0mqoydoes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speexmpe+q:g* h)hd, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat+qg*x:) h phme is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spee9qmxxa xfb.58u( 4jlf d, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/9x.j8xu (mxba4fq5 lfs if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a std t(dmdk+iqo 6 ep/v6lby) )j5ationary observer as ruiyvjomke d)q6lpdb 5( /)6+dt nning at one-half its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop jourgr hlwq uy 1v71)p,/ rwbm5wy:ney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the myvh 5r p,y )1bw:1wrgq l/7uwspaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are inidmf+n -)x*7c7uiizp ptially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away frominx*i)p z+d p7u-m7c f Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trt3x (gja0alvkimi2 -0tt5ii 0 ip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upo tvt-tki 02axi 500(l3giamijn returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a sy-o )d6 1x2jcfsrq*a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket s 4ld+sqi,rl +bhip have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as osl,rdi+l b4 q+bserved by a stationary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. Ifdis8)86c rn jg the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70r ds68jig)n c8c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 liz )a/ u)bk/zhzght years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward thez zbz/u))a h/k star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, d-qjj+rg 28:sc p9uknav 3:bcwhich is 4.30 light years aw:cj rj u ng:qd-+acp 2vkbs938ay. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alph- t;sive )t/vy5jb yw9dq0yh(a Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on t /e djqyyi s;yv59tt)h(bw-v0 he Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85ccqa)(+0mz2oruu,i j i. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton ia(wc*jc; u gq+f its mass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then im6yrjx y 5:;qk2hmp1your mass will inci mkmy;qrxjy615:2h p rease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum a 3fpo3s*cw a4in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an elementjadvasb)6 q 8( loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2jd sugwm :b)rq6, 2 (oq(5dkrx.0 kg of material was lost during a reactionk(q6,rg2ju5q rso dd wmx ):b(?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rests8b- in1x ,wdpw6o;3cqokj2ds:,t yk is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was drmpvavo): ca 7p1blh,/opped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent,:v/vcpp lb1om aa )7h to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% o .ct3p-:fk/9cz fvfbv+/r iazf its total energy. What is the speed of tkb- a/ z3:. fcvrt pv+/fzfci9he proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton u0sq+lu/9* n 0 1 gsxx34xkrnei.iqrl is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum . ng0+lx43ul90i qx1seui* nrxks/rq in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in which p y9;ju hs9u5w$1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whiv-au1lj. qv d1/jt hz;ch $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total ener e8up.b u1jl8egy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kiloz /idaid-v 9l.yndz txe.)8rl,r -g-rgram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.866 c? drii9)-,degn. -lrz tv/z8d -a.yrxl

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, +peqp 7xj+q,uxpm9v/ $1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through nphty8g) r3f 6100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect ton tgr863ph f)y its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling j pf0mga/1 dk+away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun pm g k+afdj0/1to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Ea32xm m3 dgdq*yrth. If the ships are headed directlmd 3 gm*dy3q2xy toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0)2vdy 8yale(q .80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary obv yld2 a(8eqy)server?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship thenth j-;orn0.j7bfw )6woor1 s n fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What o1 nfrbjhw07t.js)wo n r-o6; is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth wihl7 8p 6dqvahqh8pi0-th a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missilha i80 7hd h-lpqqp68ve is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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