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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaced1ay62c xm .avship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure whatv2axcda 6m .y1 is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was dlhzk)), v p3yp34qartesigned to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morleyjqpu*ct*,o0t;d ht5 j concluded from the results of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the followingd7 n;mryllms o0 0iy6+ components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity pd yqcxqv 4m 73h1z.s0frinciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonigkk qql su4b 7zk0y(ip829+myan relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relat9w vntgy7 b,wmf;pf/nls26tn n72 6e;b :jkpaivity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativq.lg:e x3ue(dk; tr94 klq5dg ity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference framesk.ql39ke rg eu5: ;d gdx(tlq4 that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate ot,cfv- r( e+lh+qk pv1f special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate u 8tubl 2b*uo9of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measuci o2y+-80njwe/ubyw+ iy;whre your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of iyy /2+0+8whijw- uow yc;bnelight, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationar(,2y zrum v dy4to*k/wy observer, a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defin*9 svdq(ge5 ffed as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space shv*8zc,o2 i7whs w ;ywfip traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twiwi;7wvz* 2,w ysfo8h cn that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer,vbq)jbmp sx.ubtr5uj .(, , s7dzk;(z a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a vxfkj,7 /mqcyx,km s55d4) sjg elocity that approac5f7s s,gd xqm,4c k/x)5jjymkhes the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction para 9.ji sae1o5,;pvm4 dejnkqm1llel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of tiv41kemod m ;pj9js .1, nae5qhis object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle;,t4o0ext8;m+vip vdz 7zx+uop4jce approaches the speed of light, the mass of the partic;voovx 8 tp7xu4ip jc,z+0z4t;e+e md le

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momet+a6d)rr7d vq(: sxpintum of the particl7 vsardi+pq:x rt )(d6e

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its le+ev6y8 80uq .itdhw rfngth at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving sp+hiwf u80eqrdtvy68 . ear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinets srd7dyoal suy)d ;.ha -8m05ic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass do-amh8odsd5ds 7;r0ul)ay. y subles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relamy745 );sghf;zj yjqv tivistic ma;mfqvgh yjzj) s75y 4;ss doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of mass ioen, p2 1m7vz-i7 dgr$m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship v59cg 5l7va-8f4l9yartn hkoA is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for thi5t-hknar949ylgcv 5lf o7v8 a s velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of .4 0xqs-r4uimevk6cwp c8k z: reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, yo9 oorolp-z. 0xpt( c7nu would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sti5r y 0v yd kw*6hnnlb;v-fa/v*ll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the bo*wk v5y rvh-/lv0a *n 6bnyfd;at is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the sholk jsdm,x3 x2, iwu)7f. 7kqvore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is h)umi,.w k k3l 27x,xdfv7oqsjeading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what sped0v ;nb.p f;0r5mpza rqs e;e7ed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight acrpsz5rpv de0 0rbqa7f.;;; menoss the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a mo6+7(z mkpsdi zving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-hazk7+ sm6(zdpi lf its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns izx (00hylhm) g;( ynlzn 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earhyzl(xz(00 h)m yln;gth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. hjqwdg6 sd2ejn(dlc*5 h6d fl18 *zi8While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earthc e5wigdh8j(h*l2dnj81 q*6d6 l szfd at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c f),vxy8 bheb )vor 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-basedh)vb8) bxyv ,e twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. Whatn;cnpn; -r2 fz is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper lengve agrlj e4vw1-3.f3fth (as observed by a stationary.4vwa3v1 fjlf ger- 3e object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship ovwj8me y,*m6fk; wcokvy )x c 0ku.3+is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what lengc 3voy owckxj0 ) 8e.f*m6kw +ukymv;,th does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 6/qzzc-5 p elqlight years away./ p6-eqqzlcz 5 A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which iatjt ki( w( rx*-l+96 tcegk)sy-ezk 1s 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaciee ktg(-z*tcw6( rky+s1x- j9l)a kteship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 ,vs ibb y/g k.(h, j:sve-6szwlight years away. A spaceship with-gbb,w, 6y(se j.zvh:s/ isvk a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest 3fst/4 , fm-8uwmc xjpmass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twccz *3oti8i ).x mp8oqice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship g8ke3+p7 -phkdnoqa1 toes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increah tpe-podk3 18kaq+7n se by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum in vwt cyds ;y45j5yq/ 8g$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element 6n*xwanxh , o094z cpploses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of materian,p)kln3xr; hg *v,k sl was lost during a reactionn;ns 3kp*)vxh,gk, rl?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of manp+0nlpo 8 2zkss at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropp oqi2,:boed,q ed on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was conqe id,2qoo b,:verted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. a)1zzq /+e yktWhat is the speed of the p+1zq)aek /ty zroton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of 8( uiyueer660 dt5l i 0ohrg:na proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum idhi:o6 8yne5u iger utr00( l6n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) n fsg157wl ursn;u.3i during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reactionv zps8vbb93etzm40y 56. spck in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a qmwfop n2-l9 :5jmwt )e /w;uaspeed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of erjb ,/d( n0vbx 5di;0df d/pdhnergy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.866 fd/;(5d0n 0/hvxddjr , ibp dbc?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, b 8cc //nzyia9$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increa hwa:v,1raa2 ,cy l u6pmir4h,sed with resp4aph ram: ,wl i26uv,ry ,cha1ect to its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measu iszoy99 e/ulb8nz()nre the speed of yn9i (so8)9/zzul eb nlight from the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative tor ;/x52nu kkyotg* m(p the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measg *k n;ktox(2p5ym/urured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speeyti olhz:ef70u4;n l9d of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relat uil9z;hen : ytol04f7ive to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Thfw w(7x:ejfz9 :i*ifx e spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observersi:f x9iww: f*jefx(7z on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.8qlcsibdpw:7xd533: )3lw a( * juabws0c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velcasxslb bajp3w 7d*)5w3wl:q3:di( u ocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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