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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windowpq 4ir 7keel gvw;..onod q;.kq(k f69s, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship iiwr..edk;4p.lok7 (n9gk ; vqq6 f eoqs stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment wog 0uwfxc nje7(y4c) :as designed to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from0 ,m3obf(uv/g :slyy+og .njp the results of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use twaepi*pkn *1 ;l*k-jkhe following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity *y+3gon9zk 1r6hn m szprinciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Neu8 o*co.4j hn;ns:rqy0spr p,wtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relat k9-mye6 mlx6ii x9q50es an(divity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativivav pb uq74n-si7v+ 8al;g.(xrgvxo/ ty was that the laws of physics are the sqnavv- +avg4( xr i.8b/ vgpx77l;uosame in reference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of special re/9omujlghh *dux 9g430h+ lkolativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of special relatgf6y fee56 jt+5alusovt1 s) 9ivity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving aqe49xgz2 jo6;hed gsxtpn ,( 9way from the Sun at a speed close hg4;n6,zpt o g 2x( xe9esqdj9to the speed of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving c6ase0b 1o2adi 3khs*0/f olfj1x :ygxlock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is des8 mt)*jxrrz2;xd ;xz8 qh x9cfined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space m a5uz2h+bbd-dcnzx1u4 2si *ship traveling at a very high speed to a ib1 n5uzczu2 ba4x -dm+h*ds 2distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary twfcw 0z5hgl 8 4hl5p5observer, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity t r hvg31bd/+dyehaub*., efv2hat approaches the v 2d/*eef+ahu d v,31by.r hgbvelocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity tha/0-rbw8ah hdiwee */k;v2qfw t approaches the velocity of light. The length ow h 8ar0b *kfwwvhq- i/d;/ee2f this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed1 -, 4 yfo+flnj1vjfo6jlqr.y of light, the mass of the particle. fjr1y1qy+j , vjn6f-4o ollf

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentjxo2ob y mx176um of the particleo jbyx om71x62

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a ei5j d.5 u(bsrvery high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, yourdiu.s5je(5 b conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speik :t) d,ixha+ hig4y*edy proton when its relativistic mass doubgyh4h ia+ )ixtid:*k, les?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relatl4 518w ut2cizg8 n5wpctgaf k+n1d:tivistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mauzn8igc:p k5l wn+dtc1 8f4 tw 1g25atss doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of massad wc5twf2v.) $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling nlybdb*scl2:cy3 x+9 at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is movisn+*y 23cx:blc9bly d ng directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends onlevp7c:h)o6 g1l 1u zn the observer's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increas+do3i07h7opnu hj u5d es, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0(y b,:p +yrtxn6 qh8svtg(d z+ m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that iy st p:zxy dgvqn, rhb8(6t(++s flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, r5e(kb1;:8 kcof r bxiselative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat:bki 8bk5(r1;esf cx o is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what reut5 s+rtg;(speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is headiu r;t(gs+re5 tng straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a movialh;teap:q 44ng clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-ha e4aaqh:4t; lplf its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a p1*-ahem qp gx)9 .rf-7ihx bx:u tzbp.lanet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?x)h*u bgppz.e.9m xx tbq7- -:1rfiah

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Co8x joof,f0 0pdy(h:x kurtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years ol,0j8 df o(xx:pyf0koh d. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a spacs6 i eeup -q*mi8jm2/ve trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age*j vpe6q28-msi/ m uei and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward thwxu60 30f(pb xtlrov*0j:lyou with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its propv -l5 73 q,czygbxdi4aer length (as observed by a static7ag ld y4,b3 z5vx-qionary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m whenw4gd6n ;y ,ckz it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what leng,gnd;wky4c6 zth does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Ce87y2wzw )2nh c 9h jbk3o,hxjwntauri, which is 4.30 light years away.b2o cnh)j2h3ww 9hzw,78kjyx A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, wh 2mnelqv52k( dyidi7(ich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much t5i(2(7id lq 2kmd yvneime would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is +nxw rqgz-1e7hr5 p3xz d;j8 m4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toj+wdpr1 r3;m- n85 gxxz7 zehqward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is travelin :pyfcw1 g(wani 0i44ng at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton ifg m yi d370jof.gq:nh3w jmb8( its mass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spac72shangmt+ i0 eship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase by70iagmnh+2ts

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum *gtdv d-k o)v1in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an ele7*dx4s adl ;sx+ /wee13xmtzyment loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released kde/nd7t84nfxyy 6qkb 6b6q4,a f8v 69wucuyif 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactib6x7fafuky6wd4c bt4ykq6/unvd ny 896e q, 8on?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass atc)9gr*2rgo t z rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 194+6;wy7w f5awy f9ce/w,lxin r5 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass wasarxey7w+ln y;9w5w6 ,cff wi/ converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is tbu8 e:b i-591y0fmvk+ yvug/:mem gc she speed of the protm m u:mevs0/eb9i8fcuv y kg:y1b-+g5on?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its totas u:nr6e*a1hvl energy. What is the momentum inen6a h1vu :r*s $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in which 13w w1 j)+v2gk(;dszpb hasmu$1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in54 ob(9 xkxqif which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of:g5h r3j23be jkax7s3v9s,i w 2mn twu an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required t- ,o k ozy)ipqki8c l*rgk kmvu2q).35o accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.866 2ul.k-m y5pqk*g)vzioc rk3,qki o)8 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, rka x.-*)b/eslto*rme y2)hm $1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 k0 wkeofr:(uf2lt6lj/5h.q5h 4kgs +vbqi ; itV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to 5h+ i 4f/qhkq 5 2jkvl eso:fi.rtb(lug6w;0tits rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away fi* h h02kbeffa;) r6 l.za9vdkcv4r2drom the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speedfkrha) 4 v* . 6 f2riddz9;kcvhla02eb of light from the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are travel4vg uto/p5+fgc3m 3mqing through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what 3mp vo5g+g /m43ufqctis their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is t+n:4fb t.ic x s:aa t9i6r- dyparp+5kraveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travelr96na5bi+ +yst:crppk. aftidx4-: a from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship thu, a jxm;jh74l(jtcx2en fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from thl(h2;tumcj x4,jx 7 aje Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.0 hh7hsz5(,8dq mh cw57svt sz80c. The spaceship then fires ,hd0sqzh7hs(87 5s hwmv5 t cza missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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