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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no2ylpvp,(.ly 83g zm q(iu 4sw5z.gsqf windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velw yzsusv3. yg 52qp4i( qg(lf,.pzl8m ocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was6 h ;s6nea3cof designed to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded ,;5wmht3 sjn ffrom the results of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself mj+/z osa+uz4 jd fdb/j 1t29aw1 am4jif you use the following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity pr1e -dge+nhq 4cb .7gkri :krq)inciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assum h y tksd+5a)zv m,i(qg65qe5fptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relativitrma ukj d:vo p e(6cj,(xev03(y

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativity hj)ds-wu)k x4was that the laws of physics are the same in rex4-ukdjh) sw)ference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of specifvfc w*t , ao0st/q rof1x965nal relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulvxwi,+;5 : 8xfyjs q0h4p thshate of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from oj6-g b+exc: wxbf o/9s3bi,nthe Sun at a speed close to the spe-gxi:b, +xo 36ebbsnw/j c 9foed of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationarx:kba2; mnby: ( qwj5 rqg1(f farp1.gy observer, a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defg2n2qfsnn mlw0aq k np4,:*q.ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed s :be7+gvnnc zj,mt8 9v0n i6gto a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. t0n jn:cgezv ms i9 g,nvb87+6 The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving ow)z c0syk d9i6bject

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with obd8c;:4z4ggc4uibq 5 l xzc:a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measurczb 4z 4gudb;:8 cq xocig5:4led by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its leng)ybkp-o25gu gn* g nt7th with a velocity that approaches the )okg2u ng7b5 g-t*pynvelocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the o5f *e dhh0 ynv,giq;rq4t2,qparticletr5o ,q02q ghn,*d q4i;fhy ve

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of ligh i+taz4 vpsrskxm-9*,+m h)r ct, the momentum of the partic+ptm hax*ksr4s + r9-mcz), vile

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by +lf41 93 fepw*wd*ra-qnnbyy you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement-3fl ya+wndn b** 4rpw9ye1q f, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of aw n(jj0len 74 :m.rfaj otytd*nq 94u5 speedy proton when its relativistic mass dnjjj4 ndtw7mru5q(ofa9. nt:4 e 0*lyoubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relati -tqtrle1o7 ,xvistic mass doublex t7or 1,qtel-s?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of masg ,el.khjyebf5d;r* /s $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each trln )n h d5apyl:x vo,2y5hkaa2h3d/p+aveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure :lh25d5ha / p3+2kx vdpalo y)nn,yahfor this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of refe,j-r(m l3 lcwz- zvb0d*zsl2-q6xi ks rence?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increasesn v5ewh b3kqm *c m3zp.0*ar,n, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relativ(8; jv i)zart;d yt9(0:kfz7p fv8zxe 6kaamae to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s i;7k iz(ev68vad) ta0: a(zf;t jpam zykxr98ff the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, qt vvx0o lb k3c/f-t*- .5eauorelative to the shore, does it move in a river tha.v-5tx kc vtu3-*/afqbl0eo ot is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s i30 6o vo o:hxpj-zobe)n still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is v p0z 6e3 o-o):hbojoxheading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it ,i2mx hjl5w13 eo zkq/is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its nw3l i12 hx5omjzqe k/,ormal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours as/vgs * ab3j p(es9pwzq +w1a/ccording to a clockj/ qpsv3pa w/+ 1sb*wes(agz9 on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 y 6opi wccfo*srdw2+z (j sif3044n7fyears old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andreaifcynp 0fow2(d s4f6jowr+ c*73si4 z upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip witfi(6cmau( -6 w vub;6h3fxeaih a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earv(u6 e-u(3 6ci;a6mi fab wfxhth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving towariz/x:o i-4e xts32fy td you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper leng3jfn .lenfwh*(;n-g2gz+ nsgth (as observed by a stalfj3.fsh g*2 ng( -nen;gw n+ztionary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest.zwsvr 5u j3h ;.3nk vkpxs7+y) If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you u .jhy+v;kr3z5n7 v)sspx3 kw?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is A:wbe5z 4x idl;t47cuslpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth ts47z w bl;tcdix:u54eravels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lsq xlk,x7:f ul1ccw32 ight years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time x u,cqcwslf1 :k32l7xwould elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our sola+un:zop6p qf 6.hqx x1r system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant1oq:6 .nzq up fh6+xxp speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its masspru3c7 q *w5fp? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its ma8:jue av*pdd6 4 l)i)f nfq+axss is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, ) j9rbq+ o15(zhxm+marq;j pdthen your mass will imdxb 5 pq9 )mz;rh+aj1jo(q+rncrease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum n; +ar,th yvo.in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element losfi/kt/a:(o m/onx y 3ges $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reln+ 3g rm 2, bs.ouw3xw1xboqb24:yk kacti.sq ouxxnok: bgbm 4 32,lkw+3r yw12bon?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivasiz4n 5 ke.aba3ygb+ *lent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on:yxps1nd;rf,*9xb x d Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (100b s yd;x91:,r*n fpxdx0 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Whb.p5y i :bq:k)ko2q4 zww us*hat is the speed of tzq) w*y:4uwbs.2 q kpkoh5 ib:he proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its tm+hx+ ,;sf gzj6g) eeuotal energy. What is the momentum i)jmugezg; e+6+fshx,n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released ()hu) 1k vcn:jrin MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during qg1qh ,3hkl ky y4yt2wc) .1yva reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron2ji yjap5bt5hk n2 q,. moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kiq 5p,kae6bho6c0 sc 3clogram of mass from rest to5s peh acck0o66 cb,3q a velocity of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, sgw(h/s: xr + ,w+tiuxcz(ke6$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. sbsg*)r3 bg3a3szvl/e /q0rl By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest masssr 3 g*zb0lr ebqa 3ss3g/l/)v?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the r(jev2 pti,5)2hqquj Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light jh pr2)5(2i,tq vequjfrom the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through spakwiw 7j61afz+ qe.0ui ce at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their appra. 6ziwkuf we +701iqjoach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travwtg7o: aqnq agn3)m;ro b845mel from the headlights of thet:)aann;m437 qrwb gmoogq 85 ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from o8g, ofuged t95/g+ymthe Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is thgg 5u, ed 9oymfo+/8gte velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship th c0 8zudmb0y -jfd7i*oen fires a missile with a speed of 0bu8c -o00d iy*jfzd7m.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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