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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceshom5pulbrc o*wg5 7pc 91a2np*6mdy.zip that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. Whatm2r5u g9pn* zc5boy1p w6a7olpm* d c. should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measureub)5 6 mi8qzbe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the resuo eh4yg.ky qenb 6:e(:lts of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if yo)i 0+l4 fqx-kxk7id6c j/rf+eky6w; pg j6 muyu use the following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity principlbnk(ul-b v ;eii6x(h .e.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions swh -kugss+ -0of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relativ w6vi q6 bi/zov,ckz80m-h7vfity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory ofa h(23fumx3 , 1qc(t- kzqlspg relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference fc,(x h2(1mf3q3zag qktl p -usrames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of special relativityb 1c*eo-jz y-ft.c+f z.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate ecqz sooer20xw-s3 oy 6l;o1,of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from s5jlfb 9b/goz ,2gia2 the Sun at a speed close to the sbzjflg/2i5g 2,a9obspeed of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving clockdwb(xhuw *c+ 7c2q4sca9j, lj

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defigknn:( u3v8fd ned as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship travelingtyhzp an; -w1( at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earw1zp ( ynah;t-th predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary o-moy8w .w 618.igna9ui,isj z x1ffvibserver, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a directio k7o2t lqs+ah0n parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a st +2k0o7sqlt haationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a directio;p. 7hpgt fxuk :*v:zxn parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measuxtz7 :fu* kv: .xpp;hgred by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lih:)d-h adbsn4aak2 kpgr+(x: ght, the mass of the particx 4-d(a:a:) ran2gp hkbks+dhle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of l;8m9 (fzbag vuight, the momentum of the parz;m9g8 a bf(vuticle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passjb eg c: -hxv(2tfma-.es, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. Fr2 -exc-j (hgfamb.t :vom this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton whe/r)b; m5vv;tubo k0 sen its relativistic mass doubmsu )t50 b;v /bkvore;les?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the t;4 fwn t/xd:d28ex 6i zlzrx0fotal relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dou/tedzx2n w:80x f6r; 4lzifx dbles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of masd,qafp (jollh- p.9u 7s $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling o* ksnpv, ;+yiwt t(x7at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moviny(;w it7+p*o nv ,xtksg directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame y,w 1o3b/n bzoof reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your sn ,k,jg9rq ywhz dm;w2ld(3 sk0 w2h)spaceship increases, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to9sg 4d-;xlpbdr sa34m the shore, does it move in a river that is flgms4x r;d3b a9d4sp- lowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shora: pr e9enwtxhjz94*2e, does it mo2zep9a*xh j9 r :4nwetve in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stilk j l+)kxl3t;xl water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the btxkxll+ ; k)j3oat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a st- l/mjmg0qy l1ationary observer as running at one-hal0m1/m jg-qll yf its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a n0 * yxoq;gwh ytvft .o62ms00planet and returns in 10 hours accordingo0m6 tqg.;0y0 ho f t*x2wvsyn to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Coxv1-ju wj1w:b z* 3ia-cdiys/a )h;veurtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels 1-y d:jwcav- is*i bw ujxv) a3/;1ehzaway from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of hqrsmgd6 l*b;8): bc8y c,plb0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin broth6sl8crp;d gc h*8bq)bmlb ,:yer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is ax8*9 fq mox8dr3fb)s its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to moou-lub(bdpdp8, /vwpg h6n40s1vne )ve to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a statuvb/-s ,n)p 8v1he(go b0dlu4wdnpp6ionary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m whenu y i,a:(bkj5h it is at rest. If the spaceship travels bha:u,( y5kbi jy you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha: m qb;fboku74,5syxw Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant spx ;4k qo:fw,mbuys7 b5eed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is1ug2ic d5l et-+*ud rt 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative t1r tit-+ug*2udec l d5o the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light m vyz75ix9 fs5years away9x z55 vfy7mis. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is im h(5)aw z)mev r-g6zits mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mab/-+ed: i2)xloi(e +jdzll t bss?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spacg.w9k6s7v vlx1jle m3; 5iu vleship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase geu 9; w6j ls5lmkl.vi37 v1vxby

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentuma zty (j:nsddko3;+8o st; d1n in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element3 3dijn1p/4rzxnmdp 9 loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost drmbmuhw*x- 3mf/w 9 3denz -ma/ xq w.52s-ryduring a reacti-nwym9f* ad/em/um3xs53-w. bz dhq2rr x -wm on?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to twgs+uuhy.+n8su h/y :frcj9:vo kilogram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 9jgtg: :3:ybqd3k goo140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = :k yg3t:gbo 9g 3qjod:$4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total enety0,gh2m : jhcrgy. What is the speed of the proton?hcjm,h:2 g y0t

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a protyvn u+givn,ub 3,;:gg on is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum n,g,:i n+bvvugy3gu; in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactio lci:1pg5 hhfn( rmj+;n in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reacte3z)(0 5hjvyhwmlby0 ion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron mhh)x2a2 na5x+jkfb s ,oving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass t/wmtvr 2g9:m from rest to a velocity of 0.866 cmt/9 r gwvt:2m?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, hog.qf*) 5(hck 1 fkun$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mi75 1dfz) n :ki a7arxw;ucmb4ass increased wicdwu ;xi74 7kz:)iba1nfam5rth respect to its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You me0 6jvekcwqn)g0((if pasure the speedwk0jg)fe(c v npq60i( of light from the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at o7 b yar 6ql1i ryacx5j hn(m(-;xqmj :k2r1n+0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are hea ;cmqnaoj(r-qx7 hm56yirb yx:n(lj+ kr 112a ded directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of rra-b(2yrw fcz 4y*9t0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlig 2(9fyt-y4rrw*r bzac hts of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed nxby t x(g(58he5+rf7bqt u 0nof 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measu5(58xhnft ux+r7bgety0 n qb( red by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a spud d v-x-cqd)2s;b5jl4 k; unpeed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the--s2;;kvu5xbdjdlcqd4pn ) u missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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