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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or p:svu (xzah*z :sj )9aother means for you (: uh:p*xz vajsaz)9sto observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experimejz; t8a ifd3))xsl p)3w . (dxx zuda5xeum;1xnt was designed to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the rep81bltr x- 0u769 1ryxhb;v q.xnfpjfsults of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourse qx9gtbk7hu,9 lf if you use the following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity principle1yc xg6xk- -q :fz-qya.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions ogbac.8hrv 2-btn, .ypov zf 75f Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special rez87m wj xo4ud)lativity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the 52v4nsh wg 0ktspecial theory of relativity wasgwk52 v04 nths that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postul;ymh1zt.7uqm uvyqss m- +:9hate of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of special relatzqs)n,2mq65 h wp4 nagivity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away fromgq yv3u3*9+f5z5s ;wywbpgey:8r a gy the Sun :z p 3 9yg ywwau8*srygbg yqe55f3v;+at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationar6spsx 0vsq96qyohs t210 1ux xy observer, a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined iin+b-j;6i bmse8j + gsan ;q te8(2cuas $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes ay(sm-cu etpyg3g2 91 bm0.p0o8 pkjf x4gj3fx ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while tjpg9m fugoy3ex2.3-p(8 ftyg1xp mk0jb4 sc0 he other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objecsc.f6d 1r9 bae .fr3s5s +xdk7n)opj wt

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that appro0b skp9u skq:5u63frpaches the velocits5pr3 qb:f k6k9 uusp0y of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that u 2eg. arej/7vapproachev.j2aue/g r e7s the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle a7wez*ck7 8nszz bh3i /pproaches the speed of light, the mass of the particls chk8 e nzz/7*wz3bi7e

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches thuh hj6p*0dp 3f.7b hj x;i0wkze speed of light, the momentum of the part*h k0 3jdh0hup;w6 f7jxzb pi.icle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it pass b5sjc9rzbwy :i9yv05 es, you measure its length at one-half its n9ys0b5rzibjvyc w5 : 9ormal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relatok 40 l,,ln,bxu+cg gwivistic mass w+g,l0c 4ngoxbk ,,ludoubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativifn c2n .,v:xvxt m 51;g4rszkestic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic n c:.2n t5evk4 vms1rxx;fgz,mass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of mas0+ dholk5cgm :4qb s w2/z8isbs $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a strai blsq(lp ;t px+q-1is)ght line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the ve;s1()q q spbil +lt-xplocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following del4.bivi- c- a00 axwn*,h alispends on the observer's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your sp,ir4dlf) o um:aceship increases, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wat/ 2)+cneycvoozyd2l w* x0m1eer. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river th2ewo)nye+*0v 1cx2od cy/zm lat is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sti3dn5hnhy.sz mil+u6 u 4v;7mu ll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does imzyu 6dn5u ;hslmvhn+3u74i. t move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relatindpb7 iage)8e /if3r; ve to the shore, does it move in a rivei 7pei8ebgn /r)a; f3dr that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to r cs:fiq 6y ojrb**2r7frv*8ibe observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal rater78*bfs *io vryqrf2:c*jri 6?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours acc2l ykijxcdxhx5 -h 627 1ww7ahording to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much d hx1ac677-xw2l5i hjy k xh2wtime has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney0t;scc,oqz n 5, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earthtscno5z;q0 c, at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twinthj4,0xz y 9w azk:s,)w.a zzq brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon ret.ks0jq)z, ha9wzx4wyz, a:tzurning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its lengtw::rg.pkxiu5w3p2+;ibvk l i h?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its prop8ox3rp5fm.og w+ x 6tzer length (as o xxp3 rf.t5o+zmwog 86bserved by a stationary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceshipitb:m hxobxy 4305:ck is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you4mxxyk b b3::tioc5 0h with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centau1xrgk su40mek9*jdi ff +/jnf6x + .juri, which is 4.30 light years away. i1gs /9 4f0nmdek uk6+* jrxuj+jx.ffA spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 litn0/ bd*y -j,rxd4pskght years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative s-dxn4yb0/rk j tp*,dto the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whintp(7-d x5ocwb pkz2 o5ntq8 4ch is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a z7pnntc2 okodqb(-4p tw5 5x8clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is 7-egj) j8k xnr*8 .zsjy8*vyp efu,us$9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice io1zq:g8f -*cmbhk ft+de: 6ynvvzl-y 1t .yj-ts rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0. svh/mke fo,)g4. iox26 c, then your mass will inf.exhskm) voi o4,2g/crease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum in j:(ggg;ka 0hr$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element da59wr emfaj3smr219 loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy woul lm 1:d. s5ym2be2xqg4w 0iyuhd be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reacti. :0ihx2qsluyd125yw bm e 4mgon?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilog,hy8 b (h i1fz6n3k4luqc l)muram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb thatfsejs8 zjxz v4fcywi7 2u4,k 1bwr803 vd1jv, was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was convvjf 7y,wf4e 81jx48vwkj, c srv2i z1z0s3buderted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of xi lbvu)83m-v its total energy. What is the speed of thl vxbu)ivm38-e proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What bsn36l 1ry0 l,t ds py-s:.(iwdihh/uis the momentumd tr/i. iy -6(u:,bsh0lys3nhps1 wdl in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during (om0jvuv/kt x3yn(o-g:r: dz a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost durih 9.zdzqb n ivo893c5 2a-bleeng a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving wijn zwg0ktsf0(*-iim, th a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required tm, ; jon/y4,aimm2 qzbi2,fr xo accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocitymmi;/2,,bz2oj irf ,yaqm4xn of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, /gvue;i0f/ ,d hkg g1p$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass incrmy zb j8e6orw jnq4)0:eased with respect to wm)b :rjn0 8 eyoj4q6zits rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling s)1 zk-)e-is5om zcedaway from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light fre5kds1eisz ) om-)c-z om the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space a gvzcvn+g ;/3jx9gwv 8t 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each;w8v/+ gjzvxn9g3 cgv other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed op.zhbv+a ;(j joue3+sf 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a statio 3;uj +svo+ape zbh(j.nary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship th l)-3cpkpo1qda 1dq n, kn9agvye (1e;en fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile isn3gp; ) ka oe1lq(dd- ,9qvkn1ycp1ea fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a z qt :uq:tthmr.n+.s85h /o qh3zvde(speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward tht.h.qs8 z/uhhzqqt+ o:r 5 t:dnv3em (e Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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