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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other meapp z rg5mnf( pe48pp+br lu),5ns for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. Wh5p )+np p5gml eb,f z48pprr(uat should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley ex l. k)lobe 73ur(+fxseperiment was designed to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment t7kpywm0.c:/yqvzr:pr( o ;i hhat

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following components:mk/,/ t.y+i(wdlbe rr

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity princhtse p-u /a0u7iple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions o wxw9y d;)6rs*tijjw -cj(74 b r6/cjkv3 swyff Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relativitq( +)t 5v w9a-/-axpmm mpmb.(kaqi yzy

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theor56 x)l9xof(qftimur;1 fd j5yy of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in ref)96 i5mf f xtqldo51(ur;yxf jerence frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of sb,a8it gggpw p hjq -m3x9r +x+k-6.nypecial relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulti 0: a8ynv,ehwl0gj* ate of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate wh.3r406ft (c c5 id(oaujduighwd:i2t ile in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, :5d24.hd6u0fj turc(aigii 3do w( tc you would find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationariz s-x:dyac f(4p4b1 zy observer, a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined as :j2 qq 0uixtt/ n nv6ayr31p4h$\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a ver 71s9oe9vgm*zm q5 ntm4tfc,ry high speed to a distant star and back again, while thtczv541,omnmf 9r *7e9stqm g e other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objectqfoe n(n) + 59hchf.jil6jnq5

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengtqq4u;hs)cagtuj t1 a ms-83 *bh with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, assqj )a1;a c4uq mg-hu*3t8stb measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a35p n(yumufn/vfn zt.ej26/ e direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,j35/ ey/e2(nu6pnztfun mvf .

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a parta 1z f;y6uof,m1od:uly- bo3 ewdz(g1icle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particlbuz-f ( ,o;:odfy e dg1l m13wo6uza1ye

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches x46kfibcjt.7the speed of light, the momentum of the parij 4ftk.cb6 x7ticle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes,xdzcl,5,t6 ygwseb()sl:9 dm you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must bg6z5bw:sxcdl(, ,sy9mlt)de e

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton n9 nw v i;3f oykih(+q70 *bwi6yru)zuwhen its relativistic mass doubl +ynif7ruwoq)uvb6(n9z;h*wii y30kes?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic enerl;*p;5xaaxin ld iu//bj9 3 vqgy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles5uaj9v*xx;i3/q;a nb /llp id?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of ma3pg5 ms+j6o j0;zg frnss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.5pl hi vf5/jo320c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science offijf5vl i/p23ho cers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following de30s/ ur; udsym;ub 2wnpends on the observer's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your space7r;+auvxj6rg;4 lt e tship increases, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sti lfr (u.:0(3sn r*r tmxdvx*gpll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat i (xsrm:3f.ltg*r (*rnd0puxvs heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still kn .0c o:roal)yt-);eh8j zjb water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in aa) ;jo8.tzn)cek:l- b h jy0ro river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. 0e-zz-+hel:g;zdkyek rf /c. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a ridczrf0 y-z:;el/+ ekk h.e z-gver that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock )soy pj tpevyll3)z 1u rh+2,)travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at o lo,3+)uvlp)y2 h y1je spz)trne-half its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journeyuzd+9*w65q nj.ve wgequ33 jj to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earthuwq5dn uw9e*jqz6v3+j. 3ge j?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 yearsu ,yt)vb,ma+f318 xgqm6 ylh x old. While Courtney remaih1 m lu +qv mxfy,bxat3,)6yg8ns on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space tu;kvwj. z1;b irip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of ;i b.kj1vw;uzthe Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving tokmc . ;8vgah gv)+yevig)71 dmward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of i+3)v itm 3m7ol:mmxa n+ra ly6ts proper length (as obseila3xt +mr)6 m 3n+7aoly :vmmrved by a stationary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. ui wb/1n;,dwhi jja89 If the spaceship travels bi j iwwn,jd9/bu1 h8;ay you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light 62vel 1nqlz(9; x5a rrpyq*mlo6 nr,ryears away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distanxnr(,;y ml6qr2ln q56rlp9o* aze v1rce does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri,kz ap d0 +i;ln;b7i2:vu;qcrq which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward t; au:qrq0 p dcbz nil;i7;+2vkhe star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar systemi hmey1n2;(sng; q 9yv is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A synqg 2iyv hem n1;;(9spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling a, spb2gu fc:f1t 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice itg *eu zaus,.7e aalq,4s rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then y k c7yj5;uj:twtp o1r9our mass will increasepurk7c o ;5tyj 9jtw:1 by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentumx/pqj99f9gxafgv)h -ta1 smo 4)m) lv in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, ansx .i3ts8cjy6 +1vfvb element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be rels2* yqpxi: 3qkeased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactionxqqi:yk2s 3p *?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to twoekn-wyb9* (knym,fc 0 kilogram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped ,bftko-s d*c2 u zis+2)li0pkon Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. k)i,sp bso- id+2 uzl*tf 20ck It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of .sibywusfjd5)k )7+ 2aqs-jf its total energy. What is the speed of a .)y7- 2fb)isswjkuf5j+qdsthe proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is1+i no0jes8xjf4qu: a the momentum in j:ijs04x+a1ue fqn 8o $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in :a i7p kv/of2so*vyp -satp, +n+xt v,MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a cwe9h;t)163 k ghqct dg3zc1zreaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving witwv- r+l+o5dq-/t cfnpe/ u qu;bs:4dxro7ex-h a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass fro r+6)b .ivz*wxr9 jy1.wm0rirvvzj l+m rest to a velocity of 0.l1+bx rv.rr mj9i0iv.zrw6y) vz*+wj 866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, x kr 9iwxirot1+):r 0u$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 vnsgh1 ib/ 4m6kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respecthim gb v6/s41n to its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling awa *5f k8.kkett d+an,zpy from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speedfet*dk k a5nzt.,k+8 p of light from the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c r(f) *hm6 hlmjh;l/ 6imgf/xwlelative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each mf/ 6glxm;ml lf*iw6h/(jh)hother, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast woul9t;/ f3 qicpfe(gg+kq hgb 22md light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary obst93gk/;m2fhfqcgp(2qib+ g e erver?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The semg+tbrd,; 5g3vr 3 oppaceship then fires a revdg;p3gt b+5orm 3, missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eariy 4 3yllf*mf0th with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What lilyf fy*03m4is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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