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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, rl,7 1u1 brieznadios, or other means for you to observe or measure whatbn1lue 1zr,i 7 is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experim- 8 afg3cbygp0 25o vcn muil)p7g3hc /fpc/v7ent was designed to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from t)f6la0dypv d 5*dwk -/u +p6 4dclypfbhe results of their experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interfea;;fa lm xkwk.du72 7jrometer yourself if you use the following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity p)2 xa)rr pv:7 xv* y9hidsi.aprinciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Nekl e(dv1s4 c0lwtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relativitya0g v 0v jn+ mcdv.g0y36nxjk+

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory ) o9rm bwb: 8de;mc3f(q7kbbsof relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that;qsb(8b)dfbw 7cmbo:r k3e 9m

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate :t: b+;:a yki d+wpnxid*fx62e p/bc+*v ux huof special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate of ilyay 8f.-cfvq9( l.f special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse ,w us k-m gsu)1:krt.arate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it w m1gurkta-uss: kw,.)as

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mg33e:-rguu(e8g4 poijmuvsv f;(1g br xyd 60oving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is define;6;)jw u qyrhtd as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very higt5h.g t;qwgn708 j6 habi+jsih speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth prediqhgngaw t78;bitji j5h 60 .+scts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving5o8xp7ikl7 m( o7wju h object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length wi2wea eso8 vd8)th a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measudsvw8o e) ea28red by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocimkcfnu z :32 14ctydf3 sbl(3dkb. za)ty that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationaryl2k3 4m3bd.zafudt: b) cck 1zsn3(fy observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed cm ss:tsub0 /60.osfy of light, the mass of the partic/fsot6.bc0ym :ss0s ule

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, th81ht 6tuy 1ajde momentum of the particle1jtu yda8t6h 1

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it d-ym( zd)d dv1passes, you measure its length at one-half dy(v1d md-d)zits normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy protomsebb e9t av+kyw l*j*,t e5*7 myds;3n when its relativistic mass doublm*ayev*ky3s9te e sd+ b, *5tw7;bljm es?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy oay:: f+nt3 it.w+ awnif a speedy proton when its relativisti3wa+tn.w f:+ i:ytinac mass doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of mass eqz ;uwi:x /7,bi( han$m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straig+rgay hrt)7 ;vc04zbr ht line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is ap407hrztbv ar+r;c)gy proaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's7m 2wqyi6+h.9pr ucr v frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceshp2 2i)n i(y0+ht/j prfz v(gship increases, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what 0/dr,rfr6 loespeed, relative to the shore, do,reldr /6 ro0fes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With whuh3p/n0)+fk9-oc ddkd x,hv hat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a /u)hxk +p d,v-hhdcn9k3fod0 river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative tog(/rxd )mcy ;q the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1xrg);ymq /dc (.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if lv-gtorwk cw+s6)p y;a g6y l(t2-7uy it is to be observed by a stationary observer as runninspt 7t ww-gk6 v-yylc6(rya)o2;+u lgg at one-half its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and retert. u0 o jwl3 eazx8uz:ro9.)urns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how muc8e0j.9 eozzxu:)orr aul 3 wt.h time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney7t fq13hi5ow*kf rj+t remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away fr fh3*+7qt5jk1ort fiwom Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a c;0ccp m*okt0z sr)q3speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own askt; 0q*o )c3rzpc0c mge and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its lenx623 bd1i nk xiz,v)kygth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship havkg0s+ * zw5teme to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed byw*kmgs0 +z5te a stationary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spanw*(psmjfw1 q/b nhn2; b ,z1gceship travels by youw;,/ n hqngn1mjbbp*w fz2(s 1 with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar syste0kw ;uza c0zj.m is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spac00akzjcu w.z;eship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Ale5+ x/wgl(ng gpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth gn /ggwx(l5 +etravels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system im ql f1gv31(jbij+9 wms Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relati1bmj g1 f3liqj w+(mv9ve to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass i .5aq rllp,,n2uz6vx xs $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its m 6ajpdz;1o gs0ass is twice its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship1b (aqm(yt7v -f,md ye goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will in(-1bm my7tqeav(fy,dcrease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentumii5, g99 7kcsyoi p7ce7ilwakl..3d l in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element loses w j.hdog j(8.+ej2edd $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost da5cha1+7 g ldt -tvh1-s*xigu51qo oeuring a reaction xg -*ae71oov5i1-1 tduhs+h5al c gqt?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass z5kgupp ue8ye e6:9ga-;p .zzat rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that sauvdl 5lhmj2 n)/fb8 yl(/v( was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II dvmva(2)8(lh/y / n b ujlf5lson the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy-8boqou e7; cn+hoqw* . What is the speed of to qq c;uw- 7bo*nheo8+he proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Whspd* ciy8: g2 wb.f)eo1yrd7iat is the momentum iw2y:yr)sd 7i b.opg81*fc iden $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in w+y) gv x9bjdy0hich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in wh kh(8ezb6+c jcich $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron -)el aeh)bmuk8c2qz. moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of +t,/noy d3rpcmass from rest to a velocity of 0.866 tp,oy3 n /rc+dc?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, .vyew46tmwa +$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through nwv gg;ee ,jwrzmw117y a*17 f100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest mass?,v7ewe1*a1g wyfnw ;m zgj71r

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.99jozp:(hvo5s 5c. You measure the speed of light from h5osjpzv o:9( the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at twrp+mw ye 99,*hut)w 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly towa 9ttmw9+e hw*r)w py,urd each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c.) 1d epq3za2e ehv7pte-6lia; How fast would light travel from;aaepl6 2 )t713idqzpee vh- e the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship the*ph h.- ilvd4zn fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the z.i4v*dph hl -missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from rfdw2xg i6*esnde8 6; the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward th2efw *6x sidrdg e68n;e Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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