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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means fe yj5m0ql*p*0h zcw:;meiu,sor you to obzum 5,p i;ceq0wly*mh: e 0*jsserve or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley exper8e(90 aum4wr sqgr,tvf yr,)jiment was designed to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their exfotrq1 z49ii5 a /hxu2periment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following comppy( )7-t dwkt2jmyvn+onents:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity pit 3xiqx,( d1m;+ *yeun20y1lpo sxwbrinciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Ga43xrp o8jb8*7gq oayt lilean-Newtonian relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special relativ(y+k )cl:rn3 v;i sgxrity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulatkkwz: tu) b0ha-)bqk z,; ,qpving the special theory of relativity was that the laws opw, kktb hv:u)kbq; ) z0zq,a-f physics are the same in reference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulat hpday ijb5,3/y8t0fse of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulate /ph3)yxa d (liof special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spacesc;uq8du) )fs ghip moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you wou)qcd;f 8sguu) ld find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary 0 ,o 2j,nls0xii 0v9nehb7cy wobserver, a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined as k;qmpylm u;hf 2m,*k 4$\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ylw2 b5.tpf;eship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, wh .5;yleb tpfw2ile the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary obso)p z e5j3;hny4rd8oo+xg qa*erver, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to ibp04z1vf * dphts length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object,d*p1vp 04hbf z as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a veloci3 r4;f5vq8 6el bs*iy kqsbg9uty that approaches the velocity of light. The lengtul q 6 vks34ebgf* 895qyirbs;h of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a partic oatozhd1:61): xmlxyle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particlemx1zxhydol 6 )o::a1t

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approachlv*va oiq+-v(,; v alpes the speed of light, the momentum of the partlopv(+ia lav *,-v;q vicle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed.jky o1grzq/:n(0acky+85hj p As it passes, you measure its length at 8g j0naq j1rz: k/5( yoky+pchone-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relatiygghvef7 6ogvh56e;- .no yk0 m.bc4 vk6p3 efvistic mass doubles6okc3keg 6gy-vv.o5n7p ev b e;fg.64 fy 0hmh?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relipa)k3. 91lequy.jx 3y1gxuzativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass di1le p)zj3. 91 auxqug.xk yy3oubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of maqc czbop qd3(x:)lt4g d yg524w b)sr4ss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each trarocvq2yy+0g:,1h*x7k /h 9wvgv eg c bveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science off v hqe0g:oybv* ,y kx97+/1chcg2wrgvicers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the obseqp z0+ *ywl*fad/b go r+p8*thrver's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increase56xs gc2f5 bya00r bo.vhqpfi j45 bt*s, you would observe

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relativei,jc xf 7c*rk 0tbil)(kvn+/ywx4oa 4 to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstrek4)f jyxk0o +vlc/wb4it,ai 7 c rn(x*am?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relatm tr dasp5dp2:b4ui/5 ive to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 :/rmipa4bdu st5d 2p5 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water zg *nmu9s x06+*vd/usxsbyl(. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is 9ld uvnxsb(*y6s /z* umsgx+0heading straight across the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is;ts /o1-:oqj yhpawk(a:r*ws to be observed by a stationary observer as running jkr;a-ysh : twp/ 1( q*wsoa:oat one-half its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 3)4sflya x/*qrt 8h0m nqi9hp hours accordin*ims t9a 3 4 lh0ynq)p8/qrhxfg to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney2xw0uf7t2 m od9r7r/ ngu+0 o +m 1nquiwu8mdh remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. 9fiu 2gu0tn+mow/ u1n7mm hduxo8d70 2rrqw+ How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c foriqe -dq**d)f g 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin-*)iqfde dq*g brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with s) fxuva czsq,*d 32(ia speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to m)4 ( p0((yqujozjijlm ove to contract to half of its proper length (as obs(yqm0j)o4j(i u zp(j lerved by a stationary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is x(,ws8l0qf5e9wx kz r 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you z 5se xr fq0(,ww8l9kxwith a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to ouka3:k8v aqfty1 zd 79 8gwlae-r solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant vaaa1 w d37g- :kzfy8ktl89qespeed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solarqiyz+-z4s id4b0w:zfj rb f-. system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the :yrq0iz bzi44.db js-- w+ ffzEarth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which nu2e24m2 dccvis 4.30 light years a4c2c u 2mvnd2eway. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The ugv jq;y96q1q rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its ressw7.; e ;hsdh1 q0*/zvypo 9b3 jsjfrjt mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c,8/dmm.t tqe sths,y;6mw al+ 1l ka9l- then your mass will ieyl 81tm,wqlatsm-as/h d; lt6k9+ m.ncrease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum in +8/ )yms dqvzu$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element losesp4 dsi22sc 0fst2/tbvdae uee00z 9n 7 $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be re.+eqox4o2 :1m iozcoa9a*u ti leased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction?i eo:1xaa+ i4u*q .9o 2zocomt

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest*u q7,fan gdq* is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped 5a-gnwjmt* + uon Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to*jat gunw+-m5 end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its totjg+ eb64uv8ezal energy. What is the speed of the protoub46ze+je8g v n?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a p6po3 98 zg 1holcjq;cyn4;zkproton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in ; 69z hlqp;okc1gc jnpy4o3z8$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is releaso x q68lcv(bpof46v6ged (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in which335yo rv(qgk6* epxsm $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of a)13wezibq c. j-oafx (n electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass frouwl)k(dq,,( hk.r lv*taol4 fm rest to a velocity of 0.8v lo(hl.)dk4 r(kwlq au,ft*,66 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, +c c c*sqcc/x2$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what nt9 8s:89yd(bfpb fie factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest ma:y9 df fb(8ptnib e89sss?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away fr6v1rk 5 8h) nxrxm(k++ gsqzhjrllu*9om the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed 9h 1nkhrxlqgv(z +k mr jrl8+6*x5su )of light from the Sun to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to thnwxx .el9 gj/hr.)jr*37ewz3vhti3 yomm/8 ee Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on eithert w3yjizo3j/ee8 errh mn9.m3/gx*hwvl).x7 craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with pexib-9hn/7uodj; n05 )skir a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a 5 he 7no9in)-bi/ku;drps x j0stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The s23mxtn)bu e.vd,k+,p9i de a,o in 1jopaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile )b,u, dt1x nekjm, a .v2n9o3 epodi+iis fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from tkk:,/ cflcrwz 9k :s0phe Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Ear:9k k ,r/0:lpcsfwc zkth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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