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PRACTICE:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 Author: physics   Total Marks: 61 mks  Marks Awarded: _____________

User Name: No Login  Start Time: 23年05月01日 10:04  Switch to Whole-Paper Mode

Mark Problem
1#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for yoq),vw bnn( g9fu to observe or measurv9 (gfnwn ),qbe what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
2#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was 64( vsx ycl2ifbb4tz/designed to measure

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
3#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of thevglo1(,l+ ;bp4 pbliair experiment that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
4#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You can build an inter:h3g9,mm;uvd8on i urferometer yourself if you use the following components:

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
5#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the relativity prink6yh t9v:f6 yopop: u,ciple.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
6#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonik:x606npu+of ippap7o) o*af an relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
7#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The theory of special 7x+ji2 n bhh5ql+ x2bgqcra60 relativity

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
8#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theoryiyv k. y5j 24np0dw6x ,1u2wrc3h qkjf of relativity was that the laws of physics a3fk 4i qrjhcyypw21 6w 5vkdu20xj., nre the same in reference frames that

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
9#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the first postulate of spesjdki , zzkv95g5j /q/cial relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
10#
 
Free-Response ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
State the second postulaujh/( (nv 3g 1wemuro)te of special relativity.
Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
11#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving awayen)5wguht4t1n gis .2 from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you wou51.nn 2i4tu hts eg)wgld find that it was

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
12#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary obseis yg0tlu7xdi2wg/(5f y q8fw-yf9m/rver, a moving clock

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
13#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The gamma factor is defined asp4d)r1 obs go2 : cxaqq)4wkk5 $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
14#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to c.o g,m(3har*c0qe ty a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth ect oq*y gc.m3(r0h ,apredicts that the astronaut twin is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
15#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Relative to a stationary o:to8 omfx-i(ibserver, a moving object

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
16#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a dire0e78ux phu d:gpc2)bq ction parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measur)h0 bpx:pge7u2dcu 8q ed by a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
17#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its +/j zc2 5eliie cn( livfe+*3:dzggu/length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by li5(n :ze cju eiie/++gzf dvgc2/l3* a stationary observer,

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
18#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the ro 7:szj0nj, r b-ea)hpq5wv: mass of the particjzjparwn: 0-5obsv,eqr): h7le

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
19#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momzdeb6 yozfzj1.m;,a ;entum of the part e ,ofzy6; a.dzb1m;jzicle

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
20#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spear is thrown by you a9rpmu(b- h.de t a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-hr d.b hmeup(9-alf its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
21#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the kinetic4c2u7eo-c l/zu /qbr x u-8jkh energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubl-2e qh8u/l4r bkj/7cc-uz uoxes?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
22#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a s 7im3-6ijwnk-6dgi s, sey/bepeedy proton when its relativistic magdei7n6m3wy, 6bs-- /ekisj iss doubles?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
23#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider a particle of ma/lqk.g py68n x)c b1tyvy; y0uss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
24#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship zfh etxoht2i0- ln.7 -A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. Wh hinltxo ze7-2-ft h.0at do they measure for this velocity?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
25#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Which of the following depends on the obrg9-)nd+gy i+k 8 +qhwq9o zmhserver's frame of reference?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
26#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would ob..ud:gv dse0n u5fe9w1- 9pkt*l nfhfserve

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
27#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wq 08ny 4pgkdi(0:ki+zg.bk36d r veqkith what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a riveriyv4qkrg+np 8dz .ie q (6:0k3g 0kbdk that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
28#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still w/ow8dq-- ;et6cl lxynater. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flo;6ecn lx-dlyo8wt/- q wing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
29#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. wlw: u*kbipb4gw t 8(daz361f With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight ap t14zw6 w( gbi8ub f*alw:k3dcross the river?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
30#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed byhf en4ay7 ka1: a stationary observer a:aef4n1ky7 has running at one-half its normal rate?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
31#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop uunt f mi dgxc800o1)1journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed 0fg1 x80tnuudcm)oi1on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
32#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Cour*ud 0c5 0qi.j,;afpsade7tp ktney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space shi.ap cj,5 0qt;pdfd7kue i a0s*p which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
33#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a sjpty/8k 9up pxg34kzpg)m+q -peed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his ow gqz/p )93 pj4y+k-puk xm8tpgn age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
34#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A meter stick is moving lz)b c2locl,; 0u lfv;toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
35#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move tovg16zpk(.fm xw2w xh - contract to half of its proper length (as observed xv(.6 p12k g mfzwh-xwby a stationary object)?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
36#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. hiy i+8v7el 2em f9y2l If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear t9v+h2 ey7imfliye l82 o you?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
37#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system sbqd6dk:. kn-is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship w dk-6sqn:bdk. ith a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
38#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.3b5 :alrz qj5*n0 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to th q5: lzaj5rbn*e Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
39#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The closest star to our sola3q+3dfz(psfdc3 tv,zes j- + gr system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time wf-j3zec+z (dp t+vgq,3sfds 3ould elapse on a clock on the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
40#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is traveling at 0.8dz)xa6y6*9s- 8fx d.7 mckm 1uglhhav5c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
41#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twim8hr) )/lpt6(lf ;k ydkct2lpce its rest mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
42#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then ,esl;) 3jjugmf*h a,eyour mass will incah jus;je , f*)e3,mlgrease by

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
43#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the momentum vvtn fapo aqn+.:o 3:)in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
44#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, an element 1-i(/yyuf jr gloses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
45#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
46#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much energy would be rd8- (m.qsxfkxeleased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction?x f8q -sk(dx.m

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
47#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kifdc,(q,5gvdnx 5yha w t73 gx3logram of mass at rest is

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
48#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 14cd k 6g72a+dio0,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to ener +7i6g 2ocdakdgy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
49#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of itknyjyd u0b57 l so8zw93.+f*yd) fiwvs total energy. What is the speed of twk7j.y )v3 +f0byuiln* ws5y8dfoz9 dhe proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
50#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80wfw;tb 7n0 r:e% of its total energy. What is the momentum tw;e7b: rnw0fin $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
51#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction xsxkv v-b:0(9cy0 ln mng 6qz)in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
52#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How much mass is lost during a re i8tl:83n2pknmcd6 hgaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
53#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a;vj9 )ngi ;4*8u scnm sxtzyj) speed of 0.95c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
54#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  How many joules of ener ul(cd)brsup oye 75*7qh7 9jugy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a veloci7 u*s erl7hpu(c duq7ob)5yj9ty of 0.866 c?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
55#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  In a nuclear plant, a ktb a v-co4c3-w8:yf$1017$ J of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
56#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass iym4 9z 1jdoz,jncreased with respect to its reodj 9myj 4z1,zst mass?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
57#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun x i7.d2onkzu2uo(o/sd(8ygvqu1h y;at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the S7duon h8oxuq2;(zso(/ gvy y .uik2d1un to be

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
58#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relat snlrr:bs16( cive to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is t1sr:rlnb 6c(sheir approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
59#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would ligihqb2,axg m1omqg8 7 j/fqj*.ht travel from the headlights h 1ofa ggxm* 7m.,j/q8ijq2bqof the ship relative to a stationary observer?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
60#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away odwoh t2*p3 aej4s- l,from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speedtodp2j,3 l4 es*hwa- o of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

Mark Problem
61#
 
Single-Choice ( 1.0 marks) Whole-Paper View Save Problem  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with :kupu5tb0:-z) sa:m jq b01 is jkd7zga speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocigsz: :zk-)51qj0:p7staj0mb dkbuiu ty of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

Correct Answer:    

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