Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation - WebAssign

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习题练习：Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation
本Practice来源于WebAssign，是在线Practice的打印版，您也可以访问本平台网站(https://webassign.org/)直接在线完成(注册并登录账号后在首页左侧输入试卷号 330 即可在线作答)，，作答电子化后可随时回放，查看每题答案与详细解析，搜藏保存任意题目；教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。本试卷的直接作答链接 https://webassign.org/test330.html
作者: physics

答题人: 匿名未登录开始时间: 23年05月02日 08:24 切换到: 整卷模式

1#

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When a target nucleu, 7 (ltyx3 sxx6reiww my6)b+zs is bombarded by an appropriate beam of particles, it is poy 6xxl3(e,b6wwtxm+7zir s )yssible to produce (1.0 分)

A. a less massive nucleus, but not a more massive one.

B. a more massive nucleus, but not a less massive one.

C. a nucleus with smaller atomic number, but not one with a greater atomic number.

D. a nucleus with greater atomic number, but not one with a smaller atomic number.

E. a nucleus with either greater or smaller atomic number.

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2#

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The mass of a proton is r)caskvn /v,xy kmvv.g2um.+) j8xc 1$1.6726 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$ and the mass of a neutron is $1.6749 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$. A proton captures a neutron forming a deuterium nucleus. One would expect the mass of this nucleus to be (1.0 分)

A. equal to $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

B. less than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

C. greater than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

D. any of these; it depends on the energy released during the capture.

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3#

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In a nuclear reaction, what value is conserved in addition to electrd0:qbzafprq-3d 0 7p b1ypc6zic charge, enedz0c01a7z qf b3pb r-p: qp6dyrgy, and momentum? (1.0 分)

A. atomic number

B. neutron number

C. nucleon number

D. none of the given answers

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4#

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A proton strikes an oxdi2u/2cx n3uxxi.d r- ygen-18 nucleus producing fluorine-18 and another particle. What other particle is produc 2x2uidd3ci-rux ./n xed by this nuclear reaction? (1.0 分)

A. a neutron

B. an $\alpha$ particle

C. an $b-$ particle

D. an $b+$ particle

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5#

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A nuclear reaction is said to be exothermic if the +dp t3o9wf9avkhv* w8jy10nx total kinetic energy is (1.0 分)

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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6#

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A nuclear reaction is said to be evg jb * c5e(gx:px:5bjndothermic if the total kinetic energy is (1.0 分)

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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7#

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The process during which a heavy nucleus such as/i6,yfnvc o o7 uranium splits into two intermediate-sized n f/o,nioc y67vuclei after being struck by a neutron is referred to as (1.0 分)

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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8#

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The process during which small nuclei combine to formv vdc1yf9mcp.*2r 8k m larger ones is referred t8 mmv9.k2vc*dcf pr y1o as (1.0 分)

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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9#

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How does the total mass of the products of a nx;wis w59 8op3ptc)h auclear fission reaction compare to the mass ofi)w s5hp3c ta9wo8xp; the original elements? (1.0 分)

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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10#

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How does the mass of the products of :i*,/3dy+ auykiev lea nuclear fusion reaction compare to the mass of th:le/ iyuky,3*+ aedi ve original elements? (1.0 分)

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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11#

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When light elements such as hydrogeno1b y m)xpssma8)v3b 5 undergo fusion, (1.0 分)

A. there is a loss of mass.

B. there is an increase in mass.

C. there is no change in mass.

D. electric charge can be annihilated.

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12#

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The fuel for nuclear fissia47v5r qm m8hl haqn )kdkl)943 twgd*on is (1.0 分)

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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13#

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The fuel for nuclear fusion in the center 30mk 5)pz 2(jlnky sybof the Sun is (1.0 分)

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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14#

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The energy radiated by a star, such as the Sun, results cfl5 -/i 7oul(p w t, 5gedaojr2u0ez(from (1.0 分)

A. beta decay.

B. alpha decay.

C. fission reactions.

D. fusion reactions.

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15#

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What is the source of the energy the Sun radiates toddgd8n a7bo,* ;zcf3 k us? (1.0 分)

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16#

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What is the principle difference betweenyd .xq.anj,d6mc b27t a hydrogen bomb and a uranium bomb? (1.0 分)

A. A uranium bomb is an atomic bomb, and a hydrogen bomb is a nuclear bomb.

B. A uranium bomb utilizes a fission reaction whereas a hydrogen bomb utilizes a fusion reaction.

C. Both work on the same principle, but the hydrogen bomb has a higher yield.

D. A hydrogen bomb converts mass into energy, whereas a uranium bomb does not.

E. One results in radioactive fallout, and the other does not.

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17#

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One sometimes hears reference to a "20-kiloton" bomb. Wha)gnot -qd(ro- kz8 s0dt does this mean? (1.0 分)

A. It means 20,000 tons of nuclear explosive is used in the bomb.

B. It means that the number of "fissile" nuclei is equal to the number of trinitrotoluene molecules in 20,000 tons of TNT explosive.

C. It means that the total weight of the bomb (not just the uranium) is 20,000 tons.

D. It means that the energy released by the bomb is equal to the energy released when 20,000 tons of TNT is exploded.

E. This refers to the maximum pressure generated by the bomb when it explodes.

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18#

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What is the meaning of the term "fua 4 *kazjp ;62n3k4w sxgo(bcritical mass"? (1.0 分)

A. This refers to the mass of the "critical" elements in a reactor, i.e., the uranium or plutonium.

B. This refers to the minimum amount of fissionable material required to sustain a chain reaction.

C. This is the amount of mass needed to make a power reactor economically feasible.

D. This is the material which is just on the verge of becoming radioactive.

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19#

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A chain reaction can h om9a;7+;87r: yvshahw tiuida /w 1roccur (1.0 分)

A. in any uranium core.

B. when critical mass is reached.

C. in the center of the Sun.

D. when the coolant is too hot.

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20#

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The chief hazard of radiation damage to livinfhjx d7* nyby36 is0(hg cells is (1.0 分)

A. due to ionization.

B. due to heating.

C. due to the creation of chemical impurities.

D. the creation of new isotopes within the body.

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21#

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What is necessary to stop beta partzn9ef hrp96a a ku5j6rza9*,m6 sp+dpicles? (1.0 分)

A. air alone

B. paper

C. metal foil

D. thick metal

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22#

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What is created in pair productiob(8ygm i i9cv2n? (1.0 分)

A. a proton and a positron

B. an electron and an antiproton

C. an electron and a positron

D. an electron and a photon

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23#

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All of the following are unitsf88ej(q-v t)aluf 1m s used to describe radiation dosage in humans except teuf-f1q(8saljv 8m) (1.0 分)

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24#

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A unit that measures the effective dose of radiation in a human is - s wal2(viv.qthe (1.0 分)

A. curie.

B. RBE.

C. rad.

D. rem.

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25#

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When lead-207 (Z = 82) is bombarded wiq-1qtwu g a4th(k; 8hnth neutrons, it can change into (1.0 分)

A. lead-208.

B. lead-206.

C. tellurium-208 (Z = 81).

D. bismuth-208 (Z = 83).

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26#

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In the fission reactahjy;y ex5 onbh7b6ed 6 v8c80ion $^{235}U \;+\; ^{1}n \rightarrow ^{141}Ba \;+\; ^{92}Kr \;+\; neutrons$, the number of neutrons produced is (1.0 分)

A. zero.

B. 1.

C. 2.

D. 3.

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27#

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Complete the following nuclear reabrub4ct q4uqe;,-/i q2a hm)lction: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^1_0 n \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$ (1.0 分)

A. $^{12} C$

B. $^{13} C$

C. $^{14} C$

D. $^{15} C$

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28#

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Complete the following n;3 ; plocan*kouclear reaction: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{19}_{10} Ne$ (1.0 分)

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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29#

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Complete the following nuclear re a ; os(zunf33bg4oueha8n0/baction: $^{38}_{19} K \;+\; ^1_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{38}_{20} Ca$ (1.0 分)

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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30#

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Complete the following nuclearq0g;o1ls m 7tz reaction: $^3_1 H \;+\; ^3_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$ (1.0 分)

A. 2($^1 p$)

B. 2($^1 n$)

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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31#

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Complete the following nuclear react-i xqap1kjtk: l,,c p yc-xs,z-,pub,ion: $^{27}_{13} Al (\alpha, n)$ produces (1.0 分)

A. $^{28} P$

B. $^{29} P$

C. $^{30} P$

D. $^{31} P$

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32#

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The Q value for a particular reaction is -2.4 MeV, and the reactioib a/k hd:9/h8glo7l/e9azcco : wo7cn's threshold energy is 9.60 MeV. What is the ratio of the mass of the incident particle to the mass of the st :/a h8lc7o /e ag9kd/l w9hozccob7i:ationary target nucleus? (1.0 分)

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33#

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Find the Q value of the following reactio (.i:ygul z0a2 (p kf)uo,lgkun: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$ (1.0 分)

A. -0.001279 u

B. -0.002179 u

C. -0.007219 u

D. -.0.009721 u

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34#

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Find the Q value of the foln;h;i6 zt,6ctlx cg 5clowing reaction: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$ (1.0 分)

A. $1.191 \; MeV$

B. $-1.191 \; MeV$

C. $1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

D. $-1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

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35#

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What is the Q value for the following resqz 2o+ii; y8pg*1ro aaction? $^{7} Li + ^1 p \rightarrow ^4 He + ^4 He$
The isotopic mass for $^7 Li$ is $7.016005 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1 p$ is $1.007825 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4 He$ is $4.002603 u$ (1.0 分)

A. $13.57 \; MeV$

B. $15.37 \; MeV$

C. $17.35 \; MeV$

D. $17.53 \; MeV$

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36#

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What is the energy of reaction of the prorf,jh7 oupx)n7(q.tocess $^9_4 Be \;(\alpha, n)\; ^{12}_6 C$? (1.0 分)

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37#

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What is the energy released (positive) or absorbed 4y6y fcag so9e ,(pvn9(negative) in the following reacti ygoan e,fs vpy4(96c9on? $^3 H \;+\; ^3 H = ^4 He \;+\; 2(^1 n)$
The isotopic mass for $^3H$ is 3.016049 u
The isotopic mass for $^4He$ is 4.002603 u
The isotopic mass for $^1n$ is 1.008665 u (1.0 分)

A. $0.0122 \; MeV$

B. $-0.0122 \; MeV$

C. $11.3 \; MeV$

D. $-11.3\; MeV$

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38#

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An X-ray technician tao ka;5td7:m+k: mxmn*. w sxewkes an average of ten X-rays per day and receives 2.5 mrad per X-ray. What is the total dose the technician receives in 25 +kes5x*:xmkwwd7:mn; . taom 0 working days? (1.0 分)

A. $2.50 \; rem$

B. $5.00 \; rem$

C. $6.25 \; rem$

D. $7.75 \; rem$

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