The diagram below shows an arrangement used to investigate donfa : q)t96;:dm g8xxjdhyd-(7bkxa ouble slit interference using mic :7f)dx bd(ho g8:aj-6; knm9tqxdyaxrowaves.



The diagram below shows the view from above:



The microwaves from the transmitter are polarised. These waves are detected by the aerial in the microwave detector (probe). The aerial is a vertical metal rod.

The detector is moved along the dotted line UY. As it is moved, maximum and minimum signals are detected. Maximum signals are first detected at points $\mathrm{V}$ and $W$. The next maximum signal is detected at the position $X$.

The distances between each of the two slits, $S_{1}$ and $S_{2}$ and the microwave receiver when the aerial is in position $\mathrm{X}$ are $\mathrm{S}_{1} \mathrm{X}=$ $0.3335 \mathrm{~m}$ and $\mathrm{S}_{2} \mathrm{X}=0.3615 \mathrm{~m}$

Find the wavelength of the microwave and select the two correct reasons that explain why the signal strength falls to a minimum between $U$ and $V$, and between $V$ and W.
(1.0 分)

  The diagram shows two waves. One wave is emitted from seem,4g(ql 3o7 vgwm o hui;/b;ource $s_{1}$ and travels to point $P$. The other wave is emitted from source $s_{2}$ and travels to point $P$.



What is the path difference between the waves? (1.0 分)

  When moving from materia rlh30ailfarcj +850hl $A$ to material $B$, the direction of a ray of light moves away from the normal. If $n_{A}$ and $n_{B}$ are the refractive indices of materials $A$ and $B$ respectively, then which of the following statements is true in this situation?
(1.0 分)

  Which of the following options will alter the frequency of a wave?f7f70qr4r t nlp;d zgrt1f41y (1.0 分)

  A double slit interference experiment is conducted using monochromatic94zbg j b0n:8 j 6.pzjbf9kkvn light of waveln9 pj zgv80f:nzbbbj9 k kj64.ength $\lambda$. The centre of the observed pattern is a bright fringe.



What is the path difference between two waves which interfere to give the second dark fringe from the centre?
(1.0 分)

  When does diffraction occkyz ionw(: ln83 :wz0gur? (1.0 分)

  When a light ray enters a denser medium and refracts, some of the u -kjjj 1ahj4b;33bz39xb tvzpl(-tm characteristics1-lm-k 93 ;jh ttj3b z4 3zua(xvjbjbp of the wave will change. Which of the following options is correct about this change?

(1.0 分)

  The double-slit equation describes the relationp,f ;,:qyu 1yeqw 8sl5rkxan9ship between the separation distance of the fringes on the pw ryn9f ;sy1qlxe,ka85 ,qu: screen, s, the distance between the screen and the slits, $D$, the separation of the slits, $d$, and the wavelength, $\lambda$, of the light.

$$
s=\frac{\lambda D}{d}
$$

Which line gives the correct units for the quantities?

(1.0 分)

  This diagram below shows two aper0tl8x8r6tb k/x(pp qs tures through which planar waves are passed as they are moving to the left. The wavefronts show crests moving in phase. Gbksx06 rp 8lpx(8qtt/iven this information, at which point will the amplitude of the waves be a minimum?



A flat plate made of glass has a refractive index of $n=1.52$. What is the speed of light within this material? (1.0 分)

  Which property of a wave does not change as a result of2h9- m7bv gjpf refraction? (1.0 分)

  Which row correctly describes the conditions for constructive and destructip zolhia(v56ttdlc0+ n;7s2)ktn y f:ve interference in a double-slit diffraction pattern?no ; +:llh)ad n0c s2t5zf tt6pkyiv7(
(1.0 分)

  Diamonds are highly valued because of their sparkl+ wnkdz*t.smdq*00fp e. This is caused by total internal reflection, which reflects most of the light that falls onto a cut diamond out o0 fm.pqstknz*d0d + *wf the face we see. Fake gems, called 'paste', are often used in jewellery because they are cheaper. However, paste gems sparkle much less than real diamonds.

The diagrams show a possible path of light through a real diamond, and another through a fake.



If:

- $n=$ refractive index;

- $n_{d}$ is the refractive index of the diamond

- $n_{f}$ is the refractive index of the fake

- $v=$ speed of light

- $v_{d}$ is the speed of light in the diamond

- $v_{f}$ is the speed of light in the fake

Which row in the table contains only statements which must be true?

(1.0 分)

  The effect of a double slit on monochromatic ligh, ,7+eabbn z dlbxe-(xt is observed by the set up in the diagram belon(d,xabzeelx-b, b+7w.



Interference fringes are seen on the screen.

Which of the following changes would increase the distance between the adjacent fringes? (1.0 分)

  Our fingerprints are made up of a series of ridges on trr8.t.q pq8jc shw/2the end of the finger. These ridges can be 'read' by electronic devices.trj qwqs.r8 2p/8h. tc

The diagram below shows a certain type of fingerprint detector below, which works by scattering light when pressure is applied to a plastic screen. The ridges of the fingerprint press the plastic film against the glass when the finger is pressed to the screen.




When not in use, the plastic screen and the glass have a small air space between them. The diagram below shows the two possible paths for the light when the finger is pressed down.




Which row in the table correctly describes the properties of the fingerprint detector that cause the bright and dark patches on the image produced by the camera?


(1.0 分)

  Ray diagrams can be used to show the reflection, refraction an968c0x.- ph gipocc( v vwg9ddd transmission of light at the boundar9 cvcdvh.6-( ip80cowxdgpg9 y between media.


In the diagram, what feature does $X$ represent? (1.0 分)

  Which of the following images shown below best represents the path of visible lid(ol: hk9 2alyght traveling through a glass pkhl9lda y:( 2orism?

(1.0 分)

  Young's double-slit 7 1mvc/2btt-uayp+ z i kif,2 ynd9-mmexperiment is setup as shown, including a monochromatic source, a single slit, a double slit tz9pb /7 kn mvy-22mdya-f1im+ticu, and a screen. What is the purpose of the single slit in this experiment?

(1.0 分)

  Which image shows the correct ray diagram for light passing from --c y 5r9ejn xbaoe+pfi.t n+n-;c3pn air into water? acr +b5 .e-in9 +efx-c p3ntpyno-n;j
(1.0 分)

  A ray of light is incident on a material made from three layers,ltx 0hd(*y(zh+ / lqdg each having a different optical density, so that in each layer the light travels at a d +0zq (dht(x lhl/dg*yifferent speed.

- For layer 1: refractive index $=n_{1}$ and the speed of light $=c_{1}$

- For layer 2: refractive index $=n_{2}$ and the speed of light $=c_{2}$

- For layer 3: refractive index $=n_{3}$ and the speed of light $=c_{3}$

- Angle of incidence $=i$

- Angle of refraction $=r$

This is illustrated in the diagram below:




Which is the correct expression for $c_{3}$, the speed of light in the thirdlayer? (1.0 分)

  The diagram shows a wave3dv vbrpu 3(d7 approaching an aperture.


Which diagram correctly shows the resulting diffraction pattern for the wave?
(1.0 分)

  A sound source $X_{1}$ is positioned $w \; cm$ to the left of sound source $X_{2}$. Both sound sources are $y \; m$ below the detection line $A B$. $A B$ runs parallel to $X_{1} X_{2}$. When a sound detector is slowly moved along the line $A B$, a maxima is first detected at $P$, followed by a minima at $Q$, with another maxima at $R$ and a minima at $S$. $P Q R S$ are all equidistant apart with $X_{1} S=X_{2} S$.

Which one of the following is a correct expression for the wavelength of the sound? (1.0 分)

  Identical waves that begin propagation at the s43b0+;vu0wgr ef lipr;*i afwame time leave from two different sources and arrive at the same point point wlb p;*40iri fr+ weg fa30;uv$X$. The first source is $18 \mathrm{~m}$ from point $X$. The second source is $10.5 \mathrm{~m}$ from point $X$. The waves of both sources have a wavelength of $3 \mathrm{~m}$. What is observed at $X$ ? (1.0 分)

  Which phrase correctly completes x*xxak ,2ifsy jw)xwn 165/g (r xo;qnthe following sentence?

In a ray diagram showing reflection, the angle of incidence is the angle between (1.0 分)

  In a Young's double-slit experiment, the spacing of the double slits i o vc;f;)n9keys $d$ and the distance between the slits and the screen on which fringes are formed is $D$. When monochromatic light of wavelength $\lambda$ is incident on the slits the distance between adjacent fringes on the screen is $s$.

Which row shows another arrangement that produces a fringe spacing of $s$ ?



(1.0 分)

  A monochromatic laser beam is shone into the surface of a tan 9 e,r p8mbrjqw+jk-8nsc1k/sk filled with water. The effects on the laser beam due to the water arj r9mn8- +8sp/sjk e ,qwrkc1be observed.

How will the properties of the light be affected by the water?

(1.0 分)

  $\mathrm{K}$ is the source of a wave of frequency $25 \mathrm{~Hz}$.



The wave travels to point $M$ by two routes, $K \rightarrow L \rightarrow M$ and $K \rightarrow M$. The speed of the wave is $15 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}$.

What is the path difference between the two waves at M in terms of the wavelength $\lambda$ of the waves?
(1.0 分)

  A student is investigating the interference of waves. They svz. 0n mxyz4 q;eg5xg4et up coherent waves produexyxqgm5.g;4 vn 0 z4zced at points $\mathrm{S}$ and $\mathrm{T}$ and travel outwards in all directions.

The line $X Y$ is halfway between $S$ and $T$ and perpendicular to the joining line $S$ and $T$. The distance $X Y$ is much greater than the distanceST.



Which line or lines would an interference pattern be seen along?
(1.0 分)

  Two waves from individual point sources mempsjxk* e 79hw +((qfket at a point $X$. Which of the following conditions is necessary for stable interference pattern to be observed at point $X$ ? (1.0 分)