Physics Unit28: Quantum Mechanics of Atoms

1#

The probability of finding an electron in a hydrogekk*e 63x vqpv p6h-qiu;y4c5in atom is directly proportional to *ip-hxcvy66i45u q ;pkqkve3 its (1.0 分)

A. energy.

B. momentum.

C. wave function.

D. square of the wave function.

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2#

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State Heisenberg's Uncertaint+ qk-kfb1hz0sbjb94 g y Principle. (1.0 分)

该题自我估分: (必填) (满分:1.0分)

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3#

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The reason the positio*q2o, ;bem uryn of a particle cannot be specified with infinite precision is th*uy, mq r2b;oee (1.0 分)

A. exclusion principle.

B. uncertainty principle.

C. photoelectric effect.

D. principle of relativity.

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4#

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If the accuracy in measuring the position o/ g s)a4psk *bc;to0gt: ck)dvf a particle increases, the accuracy in measuring its velocity) 0tgkcodk ;4 ta*gspbc )sv:/ will (1.0 分)

A. increase.

B. decrease.

C. remain the same.

D. be uncertain.

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5#

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If the accuracy in measuring the velocitc7(qj /ic id24cell4 py of a particle increases, the accuracy in measuring its positi 442pjccicdq i l/l(e7on will (1.0 分)

A. increase.

B. decrease.

C. remain the same.

D. be uncertain.

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6#

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The quantity "h-bar" has a val+l: aoqn vlmf/;t(nu+5w cri-ue of (1.0 分)

A. $1.055 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

B. $6.626 \times 10^{-34} \; J \cdot s$.

C. $8.85 \times 10^{-12} \; J \cdot s$.

D. $8.988 \times 10^{9} \; J \cdot s$.

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7#

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The principal quantum number can have any intege ftih(b55 rzh 7fnr36vr value ranging from (1.0 分)

A. $-\infty$ to $+\infty$.

B. 0 to $+\infty$.

C. 1 to $+\infty$.

D. 1 to 100.

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8#

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The orbital quantum number can have any integer value l7)urdsv*kh9mim rbl/87b n7 ranging from (1.0 分)

A. 0 to n.

B. 0 to (n-1).

C. 1 to n.

D. 1 to (n+1).

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9#

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The magnetic quantum number caji*c/usnj2)4g )8 p7ue e4paukff cg4n have any integer value ranging from (1.0 分)

A. -n to +n.

B. -l to +l.

C. 0 to n.

D. 0 to l.

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10#

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The spin quantum number can have -wd8d 1+ wsxboa6c-pt values of (1.0 分)

A. $-\frac{1}{2} , -1, 0, +1, +\frac{1}{2}$.

B. $-\frac{1}{2} , -1, +1, +\frac{1}{2}$.

C. $-\frac{1}{2} , 0, +\frac{1}{2}$.

D. $-\frac{1}{2} , +\frac{1}{2}$.

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11#

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If l = 4, which one of the following is a possible quantum t( b0( /.oq+lm,xdeys1 vzi fznumber for n? (1.0 分)

A. 0

B. 2

C. 4

D. 8

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12#

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If n = 5, which one of the following is not an allowed magnetic b6g+7 5c.b(9esoiifvy mryj.4i: k inquantum number? (1.0 分)

A. 0

B. 2

C. 4

D. 5

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13#

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The wave equation for hydrogen has solut4 qv:bc-bjr- gz4ok *.o*px;ir g2zupions only if the three quantum numbers $n$, $l$, and $m_l$ meet certain conditions. One of these conditions specifies that n (1.0 分)

A. can be any real number.

B. can be any non-negative integer.

C. can be any integer.

D. can be any positive integer.

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14#

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The wave equation for hydrogen has solutions only ;f8s:oiifovo+ j 9w4pe g;h:o if the three quantum numbers $n$, $l$, and $m_l$ meet certain conditions. One of these conditions specifies that l (1.0 分)

A. is either zero or +1.

B. is either equal to or less than n-1.

C. is a positive integer.

D. has an absolute value that is either equal to or less than n.

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15#

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The wave equation for hydrogen has solutions only if the three quantum number)mb7 )jz5o8csfey 3mzb c 2u4ys $n$, $l$, and $m_l$ meet certain conditions. One of these conditions specifies that $m_l$ (1.0 分)

A. has an absolute value either equal to or less than l.

B. is equal to or less than n.

C. is equal to or greater than 1.

D. can be any integer.

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16#

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In the ground state, re 0*:hxt-g odw.l-bmthe quantum numbers ($n$, $l$, $m_l$, $m_s$) for hydrogen are, respectively, (1.0 分)

A. 1, 1, 1, 1.

B. 1, 0, 0, 0.

C. 1, 0, 0, ±1/2.

D. 1, 1, 1, ±1/2.

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17#

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According to the selection rule, when a photon mb74y t5t5u 88z huh(zi qvn.wis emitted or absorbed, transitions can only occur between state with valuenih5 b uzw.t84(htz uyqm785 vs of l that differ by (1.0 分)

A. four units.

B. three units.

C. two units.

D. one unit.

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18#

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The number of electrons in a neutral atom is calledxm bub-cntt...r -)y g its (1.0 分)

A. principal quantum number.

B. orbital quantum number.

C. magnetic quantum number.

D. atomic number.

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19#

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State the Pauli exclusion pri9wo9s u(*wwqauwhrn f,0:e ;inciple. (1.0 分)

该题自我估分: (必填) (满分:1.0分)

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20#

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In terms of an atom's electron configu2 9tnynz kfi;of ,l56 du; 0rt9dihfk6ration, the letters K, L, M, and N refer t9r;6,5df z nyhu 06o 9nf2kilt ikt;fdo (1.0 分)

A. different shells with n equal to 1, 2, 3, or 4 respectively.

B. different sub shells with l equal to 1, 2, 3, or 4 respectively.

C. the four possible levels for the magnetic quantum number.

D. the four possible quantum numbers.

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21#

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What is the maximum number of electrons t e v8;c+3:z wu0sbljvahat can occupy the $g$ sub shell? (1.0 分)

A. 10

B. 14

C. 18

D. 22

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22#

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How many possible sets oft)hywnu/;2(/ z:vbyg3 if j jo quantum numbers or electron states are there in the $5f$ sub shell? (1.0 分)

A. 2

B. 8

C. 10

D. 14

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23#

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The elements in the periodic table that have t.:wmq 5n11 +fjxohkacompletely filled shells or subshells are q +ajk1.f mx:o5hw 1ntreferred to as (1.0 分)

A. noble gases.

B. halogens.

C. alkali metals.

D. transition elements.

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24#

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The elements in the periodic table which lack one electron from a filled shell a7w7hnwg+ /a 2 d88vs afguc7fhre referred to+aw877f n whcv7 /u2gahdsfg8 as (1.0 分)

A. noble gases.

B. halogens.

C. alkali metals.

D. transition elements.

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25#

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The elements in the periodic table which have a single oumqv3hdr 3tpd+o45 7c uter s electron are refercrdh+ 4 ud3mo7vp3tq5red to as (1.0 分)

A. noble gases.

B. halogens.

C. alkali metals.

D. transition elements.

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26#

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The word LASER is an acron2 a9xdxc 32mbpal picg+.p 04nym for (1.0 分)

A. Light Altered Spectra of Energy Radiated.

B. Latent Source of Enhanced Radiation.

C. Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation.

D. Light Absorbed States of Energetic Resonance.

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27#

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In order to produce a hologram,ki vl; c4xz r;.z8p5jl one needs, in addition to an object and a piece of photogp j;5x zi;z.c kr48lvlraphic film, (1.0 分)

A. a beam of monochromatic light and a mirror.

B. a beam of monochromatic light and a lens.

C. a beam of coherent light and a lens.

D. a beam of coherent light and a mirror.

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28#

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When a hologram is illuminated with a beam of coherent light, it produce(x76*zz ,hbma pa2 fgrs (1.0 分)

A. both a real and a virtual image.

B. only a real image of the object.

C. only a virtual image of the object.

D. none of the given answers

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29#

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An electron inside a hydrogen aty,-) bb9,iftof5sabh om is confined to within a space of about 0.110 nm. Ifb)t-h b 9ab,iso,ffy 5 the electron mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$, what is the uncertainty in the electron's velocity? (1.0 分)

A. $1.05 \times 10^{6} \; m/s$

B. $1.50 \times 10^{6} \; m/s$

C. $1.05 \times 10^{8} \; m/s$

D. $1.50 \times 10^{8} \; m/s$

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30#

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Suppose that the speed of an electron travelir(u c n.e a. ,.+kiilcq.ekk*8r hbpne9k.8qrng 2000 m/s is known to an accuracy of 8kka.,+ n .. *irc(h klqrke.breuq8.9iecp n1 part in $10^5$ (i.e., within 0.001%). What is the greatest possible accuracy within which we can determine the position of this electron? (1.0 分)

A. $2.9 \; mm$

B. $5.8 \; mm$

C. $8.7 \; mm$

D. $1.2 \; cm$

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31#

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A measurement of an el g1 jqnn :rp:k/2q8ub0aw+cj:to pf3lectron's speed is $2.0 \times 10^6 \; m/s$ and has an uncertainty of 10%. What is the minimum uncertainty in position? (1.0 分)

A. $0.29 \; nm$

B. $0.58 \; nm$

C. $0.87 \; nm$

D. $1.2 \; nm$

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32#

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A baseball has mass 143 g and speed 45.0 m/s, with the speed known to withinzzyejmlm0 6.5i lx;:q 0.100%.5z eyqi ;6ll:.m xzm0j What is the minimum uncertainty in the position of the baseball? (1.0 分)

A. $1.56 \times 10^{-32} \; m$

B. $1.65 \times 10^{-32} \; m$

C. $1.56 \times 10^{-30} \; m$

D. $1.65 \times 10^{-30} \; m$

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33#

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The energy of an electron 0g3hv),b, n i vyb/lahstate has an uncertainty of about 0.500 eV. What is the uncertainty in the life-time ,yvbg0n)aivb3,/ lhh of the level? (1.0 分)

A. $1.32 \times 10^{-15} \; s$

B. $8.28 \times 10^{-15} \; s$

C. $1.32 \times 10^{-11} \; s$

D. $8.28 \times 10^{-11} \; s$

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34#

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An electron is known to bewcc t85p+ixcc-j15w9r ab :hc confined to a region of width 0.1 nm. What is an approximate expression for the least kinetic enerw c:jt5b9 cc18r5x cc+piaw- hgy it could have, in eV? (1.0 分)

A. $2.7 \; eV$

B. $3.2 \; eV$

C. $3.8 \; eV$

D. $4.3 \; eV$

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35#

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The radius of a typicdb0x2fnqh2. rd5 pkk( al nucleus is about $5.0 \times 10^{-15} \; m$. Assuming this to be the uncertainty in the position of a proton in the nucleus, estimate the uncertainty in the proton's energy (in eV). (1.0 分)

A. $0.4 \; MeV$

B. $0.6 \; MeV$

C. $0.8 \; MeV$

D. $1.0 \; MeV$

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36#

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A hydrogen atom is in thuz24 n3ji ehfg0nmfyx-u9x199of * yse $6h$ state. Determine the principal quantum number. (1.0 分)

A. 0

B. 5

C. 6

D. 7

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37#

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A hydrogen atom is in t-mfiu5,t gta. he $6h$ state. How many electrons are allowed in this state? (1.0 分)

A. 22

B. 18

C. 14

D. 10

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38#

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A hydrogen atom is in jio)4e+ sfd *qw6;/rjbcu0z lthe $6h$ state. Which of the following could be an orbital quantum number? (1.0 分)

A. 5

B. 6

C. 7

D. 8

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39#

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A hydrogen atom is in thyw7ruw+s l1tq9*0z+ mrq-t bm e $6h$ state. Which one of the following is not a magnetic quantum number? (1.0 分)

A. 0

B. 2

C. 4

D. 6

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40#

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In a hydrogen atom, a given electron has n = 7. How many values can l havecf*v 7nxdjy*4u ;wp5x ru;+y7jnzm-p? (1.0 分)

A. 6

B. 7

C. 15

D. 98

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41#

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In a hydrogen atom, a given electron hasx/lnb)ex+ hitm8 6, jx l = 7. How many values can $m_l$ have? (1.0 分)

A. 6

B. 7

C. 15

D. 98

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42#

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In a hydrogen atom, an electron with n = 7 can exist in how many cfq9o21/yxk (pa k .iadifferent quantum sqfo/ 2a9kyp1 k. iaxc(tates? (1.0 分)

A. 6

B. 7

C. 15

D. 98

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43#

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Consider ground-state helium holding two electrons im.f/ciaj+ o jt/; )+aokaoe*cn orbit. If one of the electrons oitfc/ ;oe aj)a j/ako++m.*chas quantum numbers ($n$, $l$, $m_l$, $m_s$) of 1, 0, 0, -1/2 respectively, the quantum numbers for the other electron will be (1.0 分)

A. 1, 1, 0, -1/2.

B. 1, 0, 0, +1/2.

C. 1, 1, 1, +1/2.

D. none of the given answers

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44#

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How many electrons will fit k,cd2cf2v8 w i6nuu(cbqp y-4 .ou2jk into a $4f$ sub shell? (1.0 分)

A. 3

B. 4

C. 7

D. 14

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45#

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The values of n and ut0:y.fb s;oh l for a $4f$ sub shell are (1.0 分)

A. n = 4, l = 4.

B. n = 4, l = 3.

C. n = 3, l = 3.

D. n = 4, l = 2.

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46#

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A neutral atom has electron confr+6 +crsm dd,eiguration $1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^2$. What element is this? (1.0 分)

A. carbon

B. nitrogen

C. silicon

D. germanium

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47#

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A neutral atom has an electrfm62c6;it+ ck 9kb sxaon configuration of $1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^2$. What is its atomic number? (1.0 分)

A. 5

B. 11

C. 14

D. 20

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48#

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A neutral atom has an electron configuration of +wrkx zgy0+8h $1s^22s^22p^6$. If a neutral atom holds one additional electron, what is the ground state configuration? (1.0 分)

A. $1s^22s^22p^63s^1$

B. $1s^22s^22p^7$

C. $1s^22s^32p^6$

D. none of the given answers

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49#

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What is the electron configuration for Li whpr s9 dp.(2rz*sgiw6(.ihaewf+mpbb 0/ g7 loich has three electrons? (1.0 分)

A. $1s^3$

B. $1s^12s^2$

C. $1s^22s^1$

D. $1s^21p^1$

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50#

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High-energy photons are used to bombard an tej*ll)t nf0cm)jr3 :u+,pru w wwf0;unknown metal. The strongest peak is found for X-rays with an energy of 66 keV. What icpm0rwt)0e lu+nrf;ww,l utj *3)j:f s the atomic number of the metal? (1.0 分)

A. 80

B. 81

C. 82

D. 83

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51#

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What is the shortest-wavelength X-ray phos 4-+ez:l0e/ilubeq2pi j f 9yton emitted in an X-ray tube subject to ef92qe-il j +i e:/b4pzylus0 50 kV? (1.0 分)

A. $0.025 \; nm$

B. $0.25 \; nm$

C. $2.5 \; nm$

D. none of the given answers

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52#

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In a ruby laser, an electron jh:3 bp3thtz1*eoj 8r aumps from a higher energy level to a lower one. If the energy difference between the* a13hh :eo rttbj83zp two levels is 1.8 eV, what is the wavelength of the emitted photon? (1.0 分)

A. $469 \; nm$

B. $649 \; nm$

C. $694 \; nm$

D. $964 \; nm$

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