Physics Unit33: Astrophysics and Cosmology - WebAssign

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习题练习：Physics Unit33: Astrophysics and Cosmology
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作者: physics

答题人: 匿名未登录开始时间: 23年05月02日 09:42 切换到: 整卷模式

1#

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The appearance of the great range of brightness amrgkpf :jymjpi1,; 0g *ong stars is due to (1.0 分)

A. the differences in the amount of light different stars emit.

B. the differences in the distances of stars from us.

C. both of the given answers

D. none of the given answers

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2#

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The absolute luminosity for m l+f/lli -f-th/f /iwbost stars depends on the (1.0 分)

A. radius of the star.

B. cross sectional area covered by the star.

C. volume covered by the star.

D. the mass of the star.

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3#

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Four different main-sequence stars are colored blue, orange, y,q.oo .me/, z vvxyoq),-tbbred, and yellow. What is their rank from y.omzye,.ov)q-, ,ob q t /xbvcoolest to hottest? (1.0 分)

A. blue, yellow, orange, red

B. orange, blue, yellow, red

C. red, orange, yellow, blue

D. red, yellow, orange, blue

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4#

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A Hertzsprung-Russell diagram shows stars on a plot otj:i -sxl (;tc*p li(zf (1.0 分)

A. apparent brightness vs. temperature.

B. luminosity vs. temperature.

C. luminosity vs. distance.

D. magnitude vs. apparent brightness.

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5#

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A white dwarf star with a mass equal to that of the Sun is about the size o)nmn , a3-1bfpo6e reof (1.0 分)

A. the Sun.

B. the Earth.

C. a basketball.

D. a baseball.

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6#

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The Chandrasekhar limit of stellar;ucpo.t8epr v6 ll3l 8 mass (below which a star will collapse into a white dwarf) is, if the mass of our Sun isec;p 8l ll8 to6.urvp3 M, about (1.0 分)

A. 0.8 M.

B. 1.2 M.

C. 1.4 M.

D. 1.9 M.

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7#

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Supernovas are thought to always re6bavmuf*ci1gd8 ly h0;.z0qc 8hj,ea sult in (1.0 分)

A. neutron stars.

B. red giant stars.

C. regular stars like our Sun.

D. white dwarfs.

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8#

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Black holes (1.0 分)

A. are holes in space, devoid of matter.

B. are predicted by Einstein's special theory of relativity.

C. are the collapsed remnant of stars.

D. cannot be detected in binary star systems.

E. are a violation of Einstein's general theory of relativity.

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9#

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Pulsars are rapidly spinning(bmy70uy6.u8h7mfc: ouuz , p:5m j adgjdu 8c (1.0 分)

A. regular stars like our Sun.

B. red giant stars.

C. neutron stars.

D. white dwarfs.

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10#

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State Einstein's principle of equivant8a ..u)vnv n0s/yzslence. (1.0 分)

该题自我估分: (必填) (满分:1.0分)

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11#

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The Schwarzschild radius of a black 1+pia yw0zvs1hole is that radial distance from the center of a sphere within which not even light can escape. It was first discovered mathematically by Schwarzschild in 1916 after Einstein published his general relativity theory. It can az p0i1s1y +vwbe calculated from a star's mass M as: $R = 2GM/c^2$. Take the radius of both stars A and B as the Schwarzschild radius. If the mass of star A is twice as much as the mass of star B, the average density of star A, compared to star B will be (1.0 分)

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12#

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When a distant source emits light of a particular wavele+ ef lmtbbcbe+n..n9j y ,-b9nngth in the visible, and the source is movingetmn-n fjybc,+9b+ .b9e.ln b away from us, the color of the light appears to us to be shifted toward the (1.0 分)

A. red end of the visible spectrum.

B. blue end of the visible spectrum.

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13#

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The cosmic background radiation corresponds to a temperature of abouj*ixf4.h5, gsvp;j vjt (1.0 分)

A. 1.4 K.

B. 2.7 K.

C. 3.0 K.

D. 3.3 K.

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14#

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The Sun has apparent be 6bsg)q3d6gyrightness at Earth ($1.5 \times 10^{8} \; km$ away) of B. What would be the apparent brightness of the Sun at Pluto, which is $6.0 \times 10^{9} \; km$ from the Sun? (1.0 分)

A. $0.25 \; B$

B. $0.063 \; B$

C. $0.025 \; B$

D. $0.00063 \; B$

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15#

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A star has absolute luminosity equal to that of thexr)c ,+v 4qomd Sun ($1.5 \times 10^{8} \; km$ from the Earth) but is 10 pc away from the Earth. By what factor will it appear dimmer than the Sun? (1.0 分)

A. $2 \times 10^{-9}$

B. $2 \times 10^{-11}$

C. $2 \times 10^{-13}$

D. $2 \times 10^{-15}$

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16#

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The Earth's orbit has a mean radius of x+fe+31oftnok0 *rne $1.5 \times 10^{8} \; km$. Over a six-month period, the apparent position of a particular star varies by $0.00014^{\circ}$ due to parallax. How distant is the star, in km? (1.0 分)

A. $1.2 \times 10^{11} \; km$

B. $1.2 \times 10^{14} \; km$

C. $1.2 \times 10^{17} \; km$

D. $1.2 \times 10^{20} \; km$

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17#

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The Earth's orbit has a mean rb6e;es*gf m 0ac+ioyq 0 (zqw8adius of $1.5 \times 10^{8} \; km$. Over a six-month period, the apparent position of a particular star varies by $0.00014^{\circ}$ due to parallax. How distant is the star, in ly? (1 ly = $9.46 \times 10^{15} \; m$) (1.0 分)

A. $0.13 \; ly$

B. $1.3 \; ly$

C. $13 \; ly$

D. $130 \; ly$

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18#

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What is the parallax angle for Proxima Centauri, which is Earth's neareggz)v1d.56 cgsjbi+hst star at 4vcz gdg16i5s bj)g. h+.3 ly? (1.0 分)

A. $1.2 \times 10^{-14} \; degrees$

B. $2.1 \times 10^{-4} \; degrees$

C. $1.2 \times 10^{-7} \; degrees$

D. $2.1 \times 10^{-7} \; degrees$

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19#

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The apparent brightness of a s 8jsf o esft -ny3p,po-)e17jstar is $1.0 \times 10^{-12} \; W/m^{2}$ and the peak wavelength is 600 nm. Estimate its distance from us. (1.0 分)

A. $0.90 \; pc$

B. $9.0 \; pc$

C. $90 \; pc$

D. $900 \; pc$

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20#

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It can be shown that the approximate age of the uns4y: 7a kg oejlkqray 6:;/vw+iverse is 1/H, where H is the Hubble constant. Taking H = 20 km/s/Mly, estimatjk4wsl::e /yrk +6avq7 og;aye the age of the universe, in years. (1.0 分)

A. 15 thousand years

B. 15 million years

C. 15 billion years

D. 15 trillion years

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21#

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If a galaxy is moving away from us au .wlv: ;l;htjll*k;+t1zgvp t 1.0% of the speed of light, how far away is it ;:;utp.tlkl1+ l*whjgv;lzv from us? (1.0 分)

A. 200 ly

B. 200 thousand ly

C. 200 million ly

D. 200 billion ly

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22#

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Estimate the speed of a galaxy that is 10 billq4dy+wvrkj 535uye j8ion light-years away. (1.0 分)

A. $0.1 \; c$

B. $0.3 \; c$

C. $0.5 \; c$

D. $0.7 \; c$

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23#

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Estimate the observed wavelen n+x3mb;brdbr6l-;wf4ka b+mkn ly8 *gth for the 656 nm line in the spectrum of a star which is 100 millionxm+m-frbnw6+k rb;b ;8 y *labl4 d3nk light-years from us. (1.0 分)

A. $653 \; nm$

B. $656 \; nm$

C. $659 \; nm$

D. $692 \; nm$

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24#

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About 1 ms after the2u mf9e 0t6ukz Big Bang, the temperature of the universe was about 1013 K. What energy (in eV) does this correspond to?0t zkmeu9 uf26 (1.0 分)

A. $1 \; keV$

B. $1 \; MeV$

C. $1 \; GeV$

D. $1 \; TeV$

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